(Un)Plugging Smart Cities with urban transformationstowards multi-stakeholder city-regional complex urbanity?

  1. Igor Calzada 1
  1. 1 University of Oxford
    info

    University of Oxford

    Oxford, Reino Unido

    ROR https://ror.org/052gg0110

Revista:
URBS: Revista de estudios urbanos y ciencias sociales

ISSN: 2014-2714

Año de publicación: 2016

Volumen: 6

Número: 2

Páginas: 25-45

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: URBS: Revista de estudios urbanos y ciencias sociales

Resumen

El autor sugiere que a la vista de los desarrollos del manido término smart city y su uso en el planeamiento de ciudades, es necesario vincularlo con las existentes transformaciones urbanas. Con ánimo de de-construir o des-conectar la palabra de moda smart city, el autor elabora en este artículo a la luz de cuatro proyectos Smart City de la UE actuales en el que ha estado trabajando. La conclusión del artículo radica en la clara necesidad de conectar a los grupos de interés estableciendo una nueva, compleja, y ciudadregional urbanidad como una manera de transitar hacia un paradigma de ciudad y región inteligentes. Es por ello que, para conectar grupos de interés, se deberían considerar los siguientes elementos: las interdependencias entre ellos; la necesidad de mecanismos democráticos para gestionar los datos; el requerimiento de escalar soluciones urbanas a las escala metropolitana y ciudadregional; el énfasis en proveer de datos comparativos basados en evidencias; y finalmente, la tendencia de establecer no únicamente analíticas cuantitativas, sino rankings cualitativos y tableros/cuadros de mando integrales de ciudad que favorezcan la adaptabilidad en vez de la replicabilidad.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Abbott, John (2016). Modeling cities and regions as complex systems: from theory to planning applications. Urban Policy and Research, 34(4), 404–405. DOI: 10.1080/08111146.2016.1212921
  • Albino, Vito; Berardi, Umberto, & Dangelico, Rosa Maria (2015). Smart Cities: definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 3-21. DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.942092.
  • Ahlgren, Bengt; Dannewitz, Christian; Imbrenda, Claudio; Kutscher, Dirk, & Ohlman, Borje (2012). A survey of information-centric networking. IEEE Communications Magazine, 50(7), 26–36.
  • Anthopoulos, Leonidas; Janssen, Marijn, & Weerakkody, Vishanth (2015). Comparing Smart Cities with different modelling approaches. Florence: IW3C2.
  • ARUP (2011). Smart Cities: Transforming the 21st city via the creative use of technology. London: ARUP.
  • ARUP (2014). Delivering the Smart City: governing cities in the digital age, London: ARUP.
  • Augé, Marc (2008). Non-Places. London: Verso.
  • Barbehön, Marlon, & Münch, Sybille (2016). The `the distinctiveness of cities’ and distinctions in cities: boundaries of belonging in comparative perspective. Urban Research and Practices, 9(1), 37-55.
  • Batty, Michael (2015). Data about cities: redefining big, recasting small. Paper delivered for the Data and the City Workshop. National University of Ireland, Maynooth.
  • Batty, Michael; Axhausen, Kay; Fosca, Giannotti; Pozdnoukhov, Alexei; Bazzani, Armando; Wachowicz, Monica; Ouzounis, Georgios, & Portugali, Yuval (2012). Smart cities of the future. The European Physical Journal Special Topics, 214(1), 481-518.
  • Branchi, Pablo; Fernández-Valdivielso, Carlos, & Matias, Ignacio (2014). Analysis matrix for Smart Cities. Future Internet, 6(1), 61-75. DOI: 10.3390/fi6010061.
  • Bright, Jonathan; de Sabbata, Stefano, & Heath, Tom (2016). UrbanData2Decide: integrated data visualisation and decision making solutions to forecast and manage complex urban challenges http://www.urbantransformations.ox.ac.uk/project/urbandata2decide-integrated-data-visualisationand-decision-making-solutions-to-forecast-and-manage-complex-urban-challenges/ >
  • Bulkeley, Harriet, et al. (2016). Governance of urban sustainability transitions: advancing the role of living labs. http://www.urbantransformations.ox.ac.uk/project/governance-of-urban-sustainabilitytransitions-advancing-the-role-of-living-labs
  • Calzada, Igor (2013). Critical social innovation in the Smart City era for a city-regional European horizon 2020. Journal of Public Policies & Territory P3T, 2(6), 1-20.
  • Calzada, Igor (2015). Benchmarking future city-regions beyond Nation-States, RSRS Regional Studies Regional Science, 2(1), 350-361. http://www.urbantransformations.ox.ac.uk/project/governance-of-urban-sustainability-transitions-advancing-the-role-of-living-labs
  • Calzada, Igor (2016a). Comparing Smart City-Regional Governance strategies in Bristol, Glasgow, Bilbao & Barcelona. Paper was given at the Oxford Programme for the Future of Cities Conference on ‘Urban Governance and its Discontents’. University of Oxford (UK), 18th February. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.2091.9448.
  • Calzada, Igor (2016b). Comparing EU cities on Smart City-Regional Governance, Paper was given at the 7th Annual Smart Energy UK & Europe. London, 29th January in London (UK). DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.2354.0887.
  • Calzada, Igor (2016c). The identity of the European cities. Presented at the Summer School ‘The Identity of the European Cities’, Donostia, País Vasco, 11-12nd July.
  • Calzada, Igor (2016d). Comparing Smart Cities in Brazil & UK: smartness & prosperity. Presented at the Environmental Governance for Sustainable Urban Transformation. Newton Fund Researcher Links Workshop, Brasilia (Brazil), 4-8th July.
  • Calzada, Igor (2016e). (Un)Plugging Smart Cities with urban Transformations. In: Manfred Schrenk, Vasily V. Popovich, Peter Zeile, Pietro Elisei, & Clemens Beyer (Eds.), Smart me up! How to become and how to stay a Smart City, and does this improve quality of life? Proceedings of REAL CORP 2016, 21st International Conference on Urban Planning and Regional Development in the Information Society. Viena, 2016.
  • Calzada, Igor, & Cobo, Cristobal (2015). Unplugging: deconstructing the Smart City. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 23-43.
  • Calzada, Igor, & McAdam, Gavin (2016). Smartness for prosperity: Brazil & UK, Donostia: Translokal, Academic Entrepreneurship for Policy Making.
  • Campbell, Kelvin (2011). Massive Small: The Operating Programme for Smart Urbanism. London: Urban Exchange.
  • Campbell, Tim (2012). Beyond Smart Cities: how cities network, learn and innovate. Earthscan: Oxon.
  • Caragliu, Andrea; Del Bo, Chiara, & Nijkamp, Peter (2009). Smart Cities in Europe. Paper given at the 3rd Central Conference in Regional Science, CERS.
  • Casbarra, Claudia; Amitrano, Cristina; Alfano, Annunziata, & Bifulco, Francesco (2014). Smart City governance for sustainability. In: Human and Social Sciences at the Common Conference. EDIS Publishing Institution of the University of Zilina.
  • Cleave, Evan; Arku, Godwin; Sadler, Richard, & Gilliland, Jason (2016). The role of place branding in local and regional economic development: bridging the gap between policy and practicality. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 3(1), 207-228.
  • Cugurullo, Federico (2013). How to build a sandscastle: an analysis of the genesis and development of Masdar City. Journal of Urban Technology, 20(1), 23-37. DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735105.
  • De Filippi, Francesca (2016). MiraMap: A We-government tool for smart peripheries in Smart Cities. IEEE Access, 4, 3824-3843. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2548558.
  • ESRC (2016). Urban Transformations portfolio by the University of Oxford. www.urbantransformations.ox.ac.uk
  • European Parliament (2014). Mapping Smart Cities in the EU. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/etudes/join/2014/507480/IPOL-ITRE_ET(2014)507480_EN.pdf
  • Evans, Yara (2014). Daniel P. O’Donoghue, Urban Transformations: centre, peripheries, and systems. Urban Research & Practice, 9(1), 104-106, DOI: 10.1080/17535069.2016.1138681.
  • Gabrys, Jennifer (2014). Programming environments: environmentality and citizen sensing in the smart city. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 32(1), 30-48.
  • Garcia-Ayllón, Salvador, & Miralles, José Luis (2015). New strategies to improve governance in territorial management: evolving from smart cities to smart territories. International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering and Construction, 118, 3-11.
  • Glasmeier, Amy, & Christopherson, Susan (2015). Thinking about smart cities. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 8(1), 3-12.
  • Goldstein, Brett, & Mele, Christopher (2016). Governance within apublic-private partnerships and the politics of urban development. Space and Polity, 20(2), 194-211, DOI: 10.1080/13562576.
  • Greenfield, Adam (2013). Against the Smart City (The city is here for you to use). New York: Do Projects.
  • Guardian (2014), The truth about smart cities: ‘In the end, they will destroy democracy’. https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2014/dec/17/truth-smart-city-destroy-democracy-urbanthinkers-buzzphrase
  • Hajer, Maarten, & Dassen, Ton (2014). Smart about cities: visualising the challenge for 21st Century Urbanism. naio19 publishers/pbl publishers.
  • Harvey, David (1997). The new urbanism and the communitarian trap. Harvard Design, Magazine, 1(3), 68-69.
  • Hollands, Robert (2008). Will the real smart city please stand up? Intelligent, progressive or entrepreneurial. City, 12(3), 303-320.
  • Hollands, Robert (2014). Critical Interventions into the corporate Smart City. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society (doi: 10.1093/cjres/rsu011).
  • Jong, Martin De; Joss, Simon; Schraven, Daan; Zhan, Changjie, & Weijnen, Margot (2015). Sustainable-smart-resilient-low carbon-eco-knowledge cities; making sense of a multitude of concepts promoting sustainable urbanization. Journal of Cleaner Production, 109: 25-38.
  • Karvonen, Andrew (2016). From the sustainable to the Smart City: complementary or contradictory urban visions? Paper given in April 2016 at VuB. Brussels.
  • Karvonen, Andrew, & Van Heur, Bas (2014). Urban laboratories: experiments in reworking cities, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 38(2), 379-392. DOI: 10.1111/1468-2427.12075. 2014.
  • Keith, Michael; de Souza Santos, Andreza, & Simcik Arese, Nicholas (2016). How should we plan the cities of tomorrow. The Conversation, October 18th. https://theconversation.com/how-should-weplan-the-cities-of-tomorrow-66695
  • Kitchin, Rob (2014). The real-time city? Big data and smart urbanism. GeoJournal, 79, 1–14.
  • Kitchin, Rob (2015). Making sense of smart cities: addressing present shortcomings. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 8, 131-136.
  • Kitchin, Rob; Lauriault, Tracey, & Mcardle, Gavin (2015). Knowing and governing cities through urban indicators, city benchmarking and real-time dashboards. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 2(1), 6–28.
  • LSE CITIES (2016). Habitat III Policy Unit 4: Urban governance, capacity and institutional development. London: Policy Paper.
  • Luque-Ayala, Andrés, & Marvin, Simon (2015). Developing a critical understanding of smart urbanism. Urban Studies, 52(12), 2105-2116. DOI: 10.1177/0042098015577319.
  • Martin, Ron (2016). Structural transformation, adaptability and city economic evolutions. http://www.urbantransformations.ox.ac.uk/project/structural-transformation-adaptability-and-cityeconomic-evolutions >
  • Marvin, Simon; Luque-Ayala, Andrés, & McFarlane, Colin (2015). Smart urbanism: utopian vision or false dawn? London: Routledge.
  • Mclaren, Duncan, & Agyeman, Julian (2015). Sharing cities: a case for truly smart and sustainable cities. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Morozov, Eugene (2014). To Save Everything, Click Here: The Folly of Technological Solutionism. New York: Public Affairs.
  • Noveck, Simone (2015). Smart citizens, smarter state: the technologies of expertise and the future of governing. Harvard University Press.
  • Osborne, Clarke (2015). Smart Cities in Europe: enabling innovation. http://www.osborneclarke.com/media/filer_public/b3/bc/b3bcaffa-2b02-465d-804d-af85d735e8e9/smart_cities_in_europe_eversion.pdf
  • Ostrom, Elinor (2010). Beyond markets and states: polycentric governance of complex economic systems. American Economic Review, 100(3), 641-672. DOI: 10.1257/aer.100.3.641.pdf
  • OXFORD CITY DEBATES (2016). Urban Governance and its Discontents International Conference 2016 by the University of Oxford, Future of Cities Programme. http://www.oxfordcitydebates.com/
  • Perry, Beth (2016). Jam and justice: co-producing urban governance for social innovation. http://www.urbantransformations.ox.ac.uk/project/jam-and-justice-co-producing-urbangovernance-for-social-innovation
  • Rae, Alasdair, & Singleton, Alex (2015). Putting big data in its place: a Regional Studies and Regional Science perspective. Regional Studies and Regional Science, 2(1), 1-5. DOI: 10.1080/21681376.2014.990678.
  • Satyam, Amitabh, & Calzada, Igor (2016). The Smart City transformations. London: Bloomsbury Academic and Professional Publishing.
  • Saunders, Tom, & Baeck, Peter (2015). Rethinking Smart Cities from the Ground Up. London: NESTA.
  • Sennett, Richard (2012). The stupefying Smart City. In Ricky Burdett & Philipp Rode (eds.), LSE Cities (pp. 16-17). London: London School of Economics.
  • Shelton, Taylor; Zook, Matthew, & Wiig, Alan (2015). The ‘actually existing smart city’. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 8, 13-25. DOI: 10.1093/cjres/rsu026
  • Shwayri, Sofia (2013). A model Korean ubiquitous eco-city? The politics of making Songdo. Journal of Urban Technology, 20(1), 39-55. DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735409.
  • SMART RETRO PROJECT (2015). Nordic cities beyond digital disruption. A novel way to develop cities. http://www.demoshelsinki.fi/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Nordic-Cities-Beyond-DigitalDisruption.pdf
  • Söderström, Ola; Paasche, Till, & Klauser, Francisco (2014). Smart cities as corporate storytelling. City, 18(3), 307-320.
  • Taylor Buck, Nick, & While, Aidan (2015). Competitive urbanism and the limits to smart city innovation: The UK Future Cities initiative. Urban Studies. DOI: 10.1177/0042098015597162
  • Townsend, Anthony (2013). Smart Cities: Big data, civic hackers, and the quest for a new utopia. New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company.
  • Townsend, Anthony (2015). Can engineers build inclusive Smart Cities? Delft University of Technology’s 173rd Dies Natalis Celebration, January 5th.
  • UK GOVERNMENT FOREIGN & COMMENWEALTH OFFICE, WILTON PARK (2016). Disrupting cities through technology. (Report)
  • Vanolo, Alberto (2014). Smartmentality: The Smart City as disciplinary strategy. Urban Studies, 51(5), 883-898.
  • Vitanen, Jenni, & Kingston, Richard (2014). Smart cities and green growth: outsourcing democratic and environmental resilience to the global technology sector. Environment and Planning A, 46(4), 803-819.
  • WEF (World Economic Forum) (2016). Inspiring Future Cities & Urban Services. Shaping the Future of Urban Development & Services Initiative. http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_UrbanServices.pdf
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet