Desarrollo del pensamiento crítico. Cómo nos afectan los sesgos cognitivos y los estereotipos sociales

Abstract

Cognitive biases are deviations in judgment that lead to perceptual distortion, imprecise judgment, and illogical interpretation. These mistakes of thought are intrinsic to human thought and prevent accurate understanding of reality. From an evolutionary point of view, they have developed because speed was often more important than precision. Biases occur because of the heuristics or mental shortcuts we use in information processing, the brain’s limited ability to process information, or social influences and emotional and moral motivations. However, a good development of critical thinking involves making accurate judgments. Critical thinking consists of a set of skills and dispositions that help to produce a logical solution to a problem or a valid conclusion to an argument. Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) enables all human beings to acquire the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed to create a sustainable future. Critical thinking is included within key competencies considered crucial to the progress of sustainable development.