Análisis de métodos para el establecimiento de perímetros de protección de captaciones de agua subterráneaaplicación al estudio del acuífero de la formación Margarita (provincia de Villa Clara, Cuba)

Resumen

The definition of protection perimeters around the groundwater catchments that could guarantee in the future both their quality and quantity is actually essential given that the increasing request for this resource and the potential risks that can be derived from some activities to develop in the capture zones of those catchments. Between the different existent procedures to define those zones, in this design has analised a comparative analysis between four analytic methods and une numerical flow method, what has permited to establish in Margarita Formation's carbonate aquifer the protection perimeter of a mineral water exploitation well destined for the food industry. The results show that the analytic methods give errors as much as a hundred per cent in relation with the results obtained by the numerical modelling, basically owing to some simplifications in the hydrogeological conditions that govern the underground flow. On the contrary, the numerical modelling gives a more precise protection as on defining the capture zones through the particles tracking can determine the underground flow's trajectories that have an effect on the capture.