¿Una rebelión silenciosa?Las múltiples caras de la desvinculación política juvenil en la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca y Navarra

  1. Larrinaga Renteria, Ane
Revista:
Disjuntiva: Crítica de les Ciències Socials

ISSN: 2659-7071

Año de publicación: 2023

Volumen: 4

Número: 2

Páginas: 57-74

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.14198/DISJUNTIVA2023.4.2.4 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Disjuntiva: Crítica de les Ciències Socials

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

The article aims to reveal the meanings of political disinterest declared by large youth sectors in quantitative studies on youth political participation. It is based on research carried out in the Basque Country and Navarre through a qualitative methodology, through in-depth interviews and discussion groups with young people who define themselves as "non-politicized" and "not interested" in politics. The results show the multiple meanings of young people's disinterest and political withdrawal in a context in which the individualization and deregulation of lives impose difficulties on their transitions into adult life. Far from the institutional policy in which they do not feel heard, political disengagement is due to a lack of resources, disappointment caused by the functioning of the political system, and the impotence to act. However, this withdrawal does not mean a total lack of civic and political involvement. The young participants in the study start from a restrictive conception of the political. Despite their difficulties of politicization, they develop, to varying degrees, civic and volunteer activities, and a political participation oriented to causes of an informal, punctual and intermittent nature. In a context in which structural forces and agency elements interact, these young people star in what can be considered a low-intensity citizenship.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Alarcón González, F. J. (2021). Young People´s Political Participation: New and Old Forms in Contemporary Spain. Partezipacione & Conflitto, 14 (2). https://dx.doi.org/10.1285/i20356609v14i2p914
  • Amnå, E., Ekström, M., Kerr, M. y Stattin, H. (2009). Political Socialization and Human Agency: The Development of Civic Engagement from Adolescence to Adulthood. Fahlbeckska Stiftelsen, 111 (1): 27-40.
  • Amnå, E. y Ekman, J. (2014). “Standby Citizens: Diverse faces of Political Passivity”, European Political Science Review, 6 (2): 261-281. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S175577391300009X
  • Bahavnani, K. (2014). Talking Politics: A Psychological Framing of Views from Youth in Britain. Cambridge University Press.
  • Bauman, Z. (2001). The Individualized Society. Polity Press.
  • Beck, U. (1999). Hijos de la libertad: contra las lamentaciones por el derrumbe de los valores. En U. Beck (ed.). Hijos de la libertad (pp. 7-34). Fondo de Cultura Económica de Argentina.
  • Benedicto, J. y Morán, M. L. (2014). ¿Otra clase de politización? Representaciones de la vida colectiva y procesos de implicación cívica de los jóvenes en situación de desventaja. Revista Internacional de Sociología, 72 (2): 429-452. https://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ris.2013.02.21 [Consulta: 9 mayo 2023]
  • Benedicto, J. y Morán, M.L. (2015). La construcción de los imaginarios colectivos sobre jóvenes, participación y política en España. Revista de Estudios de Juventud, 110: 83-103. https://doi.org/10.3989/ris.2013.02.21
  • Benedicto, J. (coord.) (2016). Informe Juventud en España 2016. Injuve. Informe Juventud en España 2016 (injuve.es)
  • Broom, C. (2016). Exploring Youth Civic Engagement and Disengagement in British Columbia, Canada. Journal of International Social Studies, 6 (1): 4-22. https://www.iajiss.org [Consulta: 9 mayo 2023]
  • Cammaerts, B., Bruter, M., Banaji, S., Harrison, S. y Anstead, N. (2014). The Myth of Youth Apathy: Young European´s Critical Attitudes toward Democratic Life. American Behavioral Scientist, 58 (5): 645-664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764213515992
  • Carmouché, B. M. (2012). Dispelling the Myth: Assessing Political Interest Amongst British Youth Today. https://www.academia.edu/3433268/Dispelling_the_Myth_Assessing_Political_Interest_Amongst_British_Youth_Today [Consulta: 9 abril 2023]
  • Christensen, H. S. (2016). Political Dissatisfactions and Citizen Involvement: Political Participation in Europe during the Early Stages of the Economic Crisis. Partezipacione & Conflitto, 9 (1). https://dx.doi.org/10.1285/i20356609v9i1p19
  • Chryssochoou, X. y Barrett, M. (2017). Civic and Political Engagement in Youth. Findings and Prospects. Zeitschrift Fur Psychologie, 225 (4): 291-301. https://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000315
  • De Luca, T. (1995). The Two Faces of Political Apathy. Temple University Press.
  • Dejaeghere, Y., Mahéo, V.A. y Stolle, D. (2008). Who are the Young People Who Do Not Participate? Conference on “Youth and Politics: Strange Bedfellows? Comparative Perspectives on Political Socialization”. Brugge, 3-4 Julio 2008. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267935083_Who_are_the_young_people_who_do_not_participate [Consulta: 9 abril 2023]
  • Farthing, R. (2010). The politics of youthful antipolitics: representing the “issue” of youth participation in politics. Journal of Youth Studies, 13 (2): 181-195. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13676260903233696
  • Foa, R. S. y Mounk, Y. (2019). Youth and the populist wave. Philosophy and Social Criticism, 45 (9-10): 1013-1024. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0191453719872314
  • Furlong, A., Cartmel, F. y Biggart, A. (2006). Choice Biographies and Transitional Linearity: Re-conceptualising modern youth transitions. Papers. Revista de Sociología, 79: 225-239. https://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/papers/v79n0.834
  • Furlong, A. y Cartmel, F. (2007). Young People and Social Change. New Perspectives, McGraw Hill, Open University Press.
  • Ganuza, E. y Font, J. (2018). ¿Por qué la gente odia la política? La Catarata.
  • Giugni, M. y Grasso, M. (2019). Talking about youth: The depoliticization of young people in the public domain, American Behavioral Scientist, 64 (5): 591-607. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764219885429
  • Gordon, H. R. y Taft, J.K. (2011). Rethinking Youth Political Socialization: Teenage Activists Talk Back. Youth & Society, 43 (4): 1499-1527. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118X10386087
  • Gozzo, S. y Sampugnaro, R. (2016). What Happens? Changes in European Youth Participation. Partecipazione e Conflitto, 9 (3): 748-776. https://dx.doi.org/10.1285/i20356609v9i3p748
  • Harris, A. (2001). Dodging and Weaving: young women countering stories of youth and citizenship. International Journal of Critical Psychology, 4 (2): 183-199.
  • Harris, A., Wyn, J. y Younes, S. (2010). Beyond Apathetic or Activist Youth. ´Ordinary´ Young People and Contemporary Forms of Participation. Young, 18 (1): 9-32. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/110330880901800103
  • Henn, M., Weinstein, M. y Wring, D. (2002). A generation apart? Youth and political participation in Britain. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 4 (2): 167-192. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-856X.t01-1-00001
  • Henn, M., Weinstein, M. y Forrest, S. (2005). Uninterested Youth? Young People´s Attitudes towards Party Politics in Britain. Political Studies, 53 (3): 556-578. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2005.00544.x
  • Henn, M., Weinstein, M. y Hodgkinson, S. (2007). Social Capital and Political Participation: Understanding the Dynamics of Young People´s Political Disengagement in Contemporary Britain. Social Policy & Society, 6 (4): 467-479. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1474746407003818
  • Hustinx, L., Meijs, L., Handy, F. y Cnaan R. A. (2012). Monitorial Citizens or Civic Omnivores? Repertoires of Civic Participation among University Students. Youth & Society, 44 (1): 95-117. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118X1039663
  • Kitanova, M. (2020). Youth political participation in the EU: evidence from a cross national analysis. Journal of Youth Studies, 23(7): 819-836. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2019.1636951
  • Kyroglou, G. y Henn, M. (2017). Political Consumerism as a Neoliberal Response to Youth Political Disengagement. Societies, 7 (34): 1-16. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc7040034
  • Larrinaga, A., Zabalo, J., Epelde, M., Iraola, I., Odriozola, O. y Amurrio, M. (2020). Parte hartu ala paso egin? Gazteen ikasketa politikoak aztergai. UPV/EHU-Parte Hartuz-Vital Fundazioa-Robles Arangiz Fundazioa. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/45522 (visita el 19/06/2023).
  • Larrinaga, A. y Amurrio, M. (2022). Legacy and Rupture. The political learning of youth left-wing Basque nationalists in the post-ETA period. YOUNG, 31(1): 22-37. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11033088221111216
  • Larrinaga, A., Odriozola, O., Amurrio, M. y Iraola, I. (2023). Exploring New Citizenship Practices: The Meaning of Young Activist´s Political Engagement in the Basque Country. En J. Zabalo et al. (eds), Made-To-Measure Future(s) for Democracy? Views from the Basque Atalaia (pp. 217-239). Springer. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11033088221111216
  • MacKinnon, M. P., Pitre, S. y Watling, J. (2007). Lost in Translation: (Mis) Understanding Youth Engagement. Canadian Policy Research Networks.
  • Mahéo, V. A., Dejaeghere, Y. y Stolle, D. (2012). La non-participation politique des jeunes. Une étude des barrières temporaires et permanentes de l´engagement. Revue Canadienne de Science Politique, 45 (2) : 405-425. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S00008423912000388
  • Mair, P. (2013). Gobernando el vacío. La banalización de la democracia occidental. Alianza.
  • Manning, N. (2013). ´I mainly look at things on an issue by issue basis´: Reflexivity and phronêsis in young people´s political engagements. Journal of Youth Studies, 16 (1): 17-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2012.693586
  • Manning, N. (2014). The Relational Self and the Political Engagements of Young Adults. Journal of Sociology, 50 (4): 486-500. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783312467094
  • Martínez, M. L., Cumsille, P., Loyola, I. y Castillo, J. C. (2020). Patterns of Civic and Political Commitment in Early Adolescence. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 40 (1): 5-27. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431618824714
  • Mascheroni, G. (2015). The practice of participation: Youth´s vocabularies around on-and offline civic and political engagement. En B. Cammaerts, N. Anstead, y R. Garland ed., MEDIA@LSE Working Paper Series (pp. 1-25). London School of Economics and Political Science.
  • Megías, A. y Moreno, C. (2022). Political Disaffection in European Countries near Spain: A Stable Attitude? Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 179: 103-124. https://doi.org/10.5477/cis/reis.179.103
  • Observatorio Vasco de la Juventud (2019). Retratos de Juventud 22, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Gobierno Vasco.
  • Observatorio Vasco de la Juventud (2022). Retratos de Juventud 24, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Gobierno Vasco.
  • O´Toole, T., Lister, M., Marsh, D., Jones, S., y McDonagh, A. (2010). Tuning out or Left out? Participation and Non-participation among Young People. Contemporary Politics, 9 (1): 45-61. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1356977032000072477
  • Pérez Díaz, M. T. (coord.) (2020). Informe Juventud en España 2020. Injuve. Informe juventud en España 2020 (injuve.es) [Consulta: 9 mayo 2023]
  • Pfaff, N. (2009). Youth culture as a context of political learning. How young people politicize amongst each other. Young, 17 (2): 167-189. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/110330880901700204
  • Pirni, A. y Rafini, L. (2016). The Ri-Elaboration of the Collective Sphere. New Paths of Sociality and Groups-Formation among the New Generations. Partecipazione e Conflitto, 9 (3): 799-823. https://dx.doi.org/10.1285/i20356609v9i3p799
  • Pleyers, G. (2019). Movimientos sociales en el siglo XXI. Perspectivas y herramientas analíticas. Icaria. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvnp0kds
  • Politikon (L. Abenza, B. Barbet, S. Clavería, E. Costas, J. Galindo, K. Llaneras, O. Medina, M. Ramos y P. Simón) (2017). El muro invisible. Las dificultades de ser joven en España. Debate.
  • Quaranta, M., Cancela, J., Martín, I. y Tsirbas, Y. (2021). Trust, Satisfaction and Political Engagement during Economic Crisis: Young Citizens in Southern Europe. South European Society and Politics, 26 (2): 153-179. https://doi.org/10.1080/13608746.2021.1991568
  • Quintelier, E. (2007). Differences in Political Participation between Young and Old People. Contemporary Politics, 13 (2): 165-180. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569770701562658
  • Rainsford, E. (2017). Exploring youth political activism in the United Kingdom: What makes young people politically active in different organizations? The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 19 (4): 790-806. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369148117728666
  • Riley, S., Griffin, C. y Morey, I. (2013. `The Rise of the ´Pleasure Citizen´: How Leisure Can Be a Site for Alternative Forms of Political Participation., En K. N. Demetriou, (Coord.). Democracy in Transition. Political Participation in the European Union, (pp. 61-75) Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30068-4_4
  • Rubio, A., Sanmartín, A. y Ballesteros, J.C. (2019). Barómetro juvenil 2019. Madrid, Centro Reina Sofía sobre Adolescencia y Juventud. https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3378745
  • Santamaría, E. (2018). Jóvenes, crisis y precariedad laboral: una relación demasiado larga y estrecha. Encrucijadas. Revista Crítica de Ciencias Sociales, 15: 1-24.
  • Sassen, S. (2003). Contrageografías de la globalización. Género y ciudadanía en los circuitos transfronterizos. Traficantes de Sueños.
  • Snell, P. (2010). Emerging Adult Civic and Political Disengagement: A Longitudinal Analysis of Lack of Involvement with Politics. Journal of Adolescent Research, 25 (2): 258-287. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0743558409357238
  • Soler i Martí, R. (2012). Political or Institutional Disaffection? Testing New Survey Indicators for the Emerging Political Involvement of Youth. 22nd World Congress of Political Science (IPSA), Madrid, 8-12 julio 2012.
  • Stolle, D., Quintelier, E., Harell, A. y Nishikawa, L. (2008). What Does Politics Mean to You? Young Citizens and Extra-Parliamentary Forms of Political Action. Conference on “Youth and Politics: Strange Bedfellows? Comparative Perspectives on Political Socialization”, Brugge, 3-4 julio 2008.
  • Svenningsson, M. (2016). I Wouldn´t Have What it Take. Young Swedes´ Understandings of Political Participation. Young, 24 (2): 139-156. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308815603305
  • Tatar, M. I. y Apateanu, D. (2019). Multiple Exclusions: Civic and Political Disengagement of Vulnerable Youth in the European Union. En K. M. Barth, M. Brie, D. Darabaneanu y I. Polgar (Coords.). The Role of Intercultural Communication in Adapting Ethnic Groups to the European Union Social Space (pp. 477-505). LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3493811
  • Thomas, M. y Young, L. (2006). More Subject than Citizen: Age, Gender and Political Disengagement in Canada. Annual Meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association, York University, 1-3 junio 2006. https://www.cpsa-acsp.ca/papers-2006/Thomas-Young.pdf [Consulta: 9 abril 2023]
  • Torcal, M. (2016). Political Trust in Western and Southern Europe. En S. Zmerli y T. van der Meer (Coords.). Handbook on Political Trust (pp. 418-439). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781782545118.00037
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet