LncRNA-en adierazpen aldakorrak haurren leuzemia linfoblastiko akutuan dituen inplikazioak

Resumen

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer and the leading cause of death among cancer patients under 20 years of age. Although classification accuracy and recovery rates have improved due to technological advances, there are still many patients who relapse. Hence, the development of more accurate patient stratification methods and treatments are essential. ALL is a highly heterogeneous cancer with multiple subtypes. Recently, attention has been focused on non-coding RNA, such as long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). These ribonucleic molecules of more than 200 nucleotides have been proven to have important regulatory functions in various biological processes, including hematopoiesis. In recent years, numerous studies have examined the differential expression of lncRNAs in pediatric ALL. In these studies, whole genome analysis using sequencing and arrays, and analysis of specific lncRNAs by RT-qPCR have been made to investigate the varying pattern of expression in diagnosis, classification of different subtypes, prognosis and treatment of ALL patients. Thus, in some cases lncRNAs were related to proliferation or apoptosis of leukemic cells, relapse and treatment resistance. Therefore, although the information concerning lncRNAs in ALL is still limited, analysing the functions of lncRNAs in molecular mechanisms will be essential in the near future for the precise stratification of ALL pediatric patients and the identification of novel treatment targets.