Efecto del modelo de periodización del microciclo competitivo en la carga de entrenamiento de jóvenes futbolistas masculinos

  1. Sergi Morera Carbonell
  2. Ibon Etcheazarra
  3. Julen Castellano
  4. Angel Ric
Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726,  1988-2041

Año de publicación: 2023

Número: 48

Páginas: 1098-1104

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos de dos modelos de periodización, caracterizados a partir tipología de las tareas realizadas, sobre la carga percibida por jóvenes futbolistas. Diecinueve jugadores sub-19 pertenecientes a la academia de un club profesional cuyo primer equipo milita en LaLiga formaron parte de este estudio. Durante seis semanas (tres de cada cuerpo técnico) fueron registradas la percepción subjetiva del esfuerzo (Rated Perceived Exertion o RPE) y de la recuperación (Pain Assessment Tool o PAT) en las sesiones de entrenamiento y competición. Se realizaron comparaciones de las medias estandarizadas mediante inferencias basadas en magnitudes y se examinó el tamaño del efecto (d de Cohen). Los resultados mostraron que los valores de RPE fueron mayores con el Cuerpo Técnico 1 cuyos entrenamientos mostraron un particular manejo de las variables que configuran los juegos reducidos, número de jugadores y dimensiones del espacio principalmente, dependiendo del día de la semana. Los valores de recuperación del entrenamiento en los días previos al partido aumentaron en el Cuerpo Técnico 2 respecto al primero. Estos hallazgos muestran que el modelo de periodización, determinado por la tipología de tareas de entrenamiento y su distribución a lo largo de los días de entrenamiento del microciclo, parece tener un impacto particular en la percepción de los esfuerzos y la fatiga relativas al entrenamiento y la competición.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Afonso, J., Bessa, C., Nikolaidis, P. T., Teoldo, I., & Clemente, F. (2020). A systematic review of research on Tactical Periodization: Absence of empirical data, burden of proof, and benefit of doubt. Human Movement, 21(4), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2020.96408
  • Arrieta, P., Castellano, J., Guridi, I., & Echeazarra, I. (2017). Efectos de un programa basado en juegos reducidos sobre la condición física de jóvenes jugadores de fútbol. RICYDE: Revista Internacional de Ciencias Del Deporte, 13(50), 370–380. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2017.05004
  • Breivik H., Borchgrevink P. C., Allen S. M., Rosseland L. A., Romundstad L., Hals E. K., Kvarstein G. & Stubhaug A. (2008). Assessment of pain. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 101(1), 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aen103
  • Canton, A., Torrents, C., Gonçalves, B., Ric, A., Salvioni, F., Exel, J. & et al. (2022). The diagonal positioning of the goals modifies the external training load and the tactical behaviour of young football players. Biology of Sport, 39(1), 135-144. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2021.102929
  • Canton, A., Torrents, C., Ric, A., Gonçalves, B., Sampaio, J., & Hristovski, R. (2019). Effects of temporary numerical imbalances on collective exploratory behavior of young and professional football players. Frontiers in psychology, 1968. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01968
  • Casamichana, D., & Castellano, J. (2010). Time–motion, heart rate, perceptual and motor behaviour demands in small-sides soccer games: Effects of pitch size. Journal of sports sciences, 28(14), 1615-1623. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2010.521168
  • Casamichana Gómez, D., Castellano Paulis, J., González-Morán, A., García-Cueto, H., & García-López, J. (2011). Demanda fisiológica en juegos reducidos de fútbol con diferente orientación del espacio. RICYDE. Revista Internacional De Ciencias Del Deporte, 7(23), 141-154. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2011.02306
  • Casamichana, D., San Román, J. S., Castellano, J., & Calleja, J. (2015). Influence of the type of marking and the number of players on physiological and physical demands during sided games in soccer. Journal of Human Kinetics, 47(1), 259–268. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0081
  • Castellano, J., & Casamichana, D. (2016). Mismos jugadores con diferentes entrenadores, ¿se puede jugar de manera diferente para optimizar el rendimiento en el fútbol profesional? SPORT TK-Revista EuroAmericana de Ciencias del Deporte, 5(2), 133-140. https://doi.org/10.6018/264771
  • Castellano, J., Casamichana, D., & Dellal, A. (2013). Influence of game format and number of players on heart rate responses and physical demands in small-sided soccer games. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(5), 1295-1303. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318267a5d1
  • Castillo, D., Raya-González, J., Weston, M., & Yanci, J. (2021). Distribution of External Load During Acquisition Training Sessions and Match Play of a Professional Soccer Team. Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 35(12), 3453-3458. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003363
  • Clemente, F.M., Martins, F., & Mendes, R.S. (2014). Periodization Based on Small-Sided Soccer Games: Theoretical Considerations. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 36, 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000067
  • Foster, C., Florhaug, J. A., Franklin, J., Gottschall, L., Hrovatin, L. A., Parker, S., Doleshal, P., & Dodge, C. (2001). A new approach to monitoring exercise training. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 15(1), 109–115. PMID: 11708692
  • Gabbett, T., Nassis, G., Oetter, E., Pretorius, J., Johnston, N., Medina, D., & et al. (2017). The athlete monitoring cycle: a practical guide to interpreting and applying training monitoring data. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 51:1451-1452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097298
  • Guridi, I., Castellano, J., & Echeazarra, I. (2021). Physical Demands and Internal Response in Football Sessions According to Tactical Periodization, International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 16(6), 858–864. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0829
  • Hopkins, W. G., Marshall, S. W., Batterham, A. M., & Hanin, J. (2009). Progressive statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 41(1), 3–13. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818cb278
  • Malone, J. J., Di Michele, R., Morgans, R., Burgess, D., Morton, J. P., & Drust, B. (2015). Seasonal training-load quantification in elite English premier league soccer players. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 10(4), 489-497. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0352
  • Marqués, D., Sampaio, J. Calleja, J., & Echeazarra, I. (2022). How different are soccer training sessions based on small-sided games? A cluster analysis to explore perceived exertion and training load. Acta Gymnastica, 52(2). https://doi.org/10.5507/ag.2022.005
  • Martín-García, A., Gomez Diaz, A., Bradley, P., Morera, F., & Casamichana, D. (2018). Quantification of a Professional Football Team's External Load Using a Microcycle Structure. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 32(12), 3511-3518. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002816
  • Martín-García, A., Castellano, J., Diaz, A. G., Cos, F., & Casamichana, D. (2019). Positional demands for various-sided games with goalkeepers according to the most demanding passages of match play in football. Biology of sport, 36(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2019.83507
  • Montull, L., Slapšinskaitė-Dackevičienė, A., Kiely, J., Hristovski, R., & Balagué, N. (2022). Integrative proposals of sports monitoring: Subjective outperforms objective monitoring. Sports medicine-open, 8(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-022-00432-z
  • Mujika, I., & Padilla, S. (2003). Scientific bases for precompetition tapering strategies. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 35(7), 1182–1187. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000074448.73931.11
  • Mujika, I., Halson, S., Burke, L. M., Balague, G., & Farrow, D. (2018). An integrate multifactorial approach to periodization for optimal performance in individual and team sports. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 13(5), 538–561. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0093
  • Ometto, L., Vasconcellos, F. V., Cunha, F. A., Teoldo, I., Souza, C. R. B., Dutra, M. B., & Davids, K. (2018). How manipulating task constraints in small-sided and conditioned games shapes emergence of individual and collective tactical behaviours in football: A systematic review. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 13(6), 1200-1214. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954118769183
  • Owen, A. L., Wong, d., Paul, D., & Dellal, A. (2012). Effects of a periodized small-sided game training intervention on physical performance in elite professional soccer. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 26(10), 2748–2754. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318242d2d1
  • Pol, R., Hristovski, R., Medina, D., & Balague, N. (2019). From microscopic to macroscopic sports injuries. Applying the complex dynamic systems approach to sports medicine: a narrative review. British journal of sports medicine, 53(19), 1214-1220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097395
  • Roca, A. & Ford, P. R. (2020). Decision-making practice during coaching sessions in elite youth football across European countries. Science and Medicine in Football, 4, 263-268. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2020.1755051
  • Sanchez-Sanchez, J., Hernández, D., Casamichana, D., Martínez-Salazar, C., Ramirez-Campillo, R., & Sampaio, J. (2017). Heart rate, technical performance, and session-RPE in elite youth soccer small-sided games played with wildcard players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(10), 2678–2685. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001736
  • Thorpe, R. T., Strudwick, A. J., Buchheit, M., Atkinson, G., Drust, B., & Gregson, W. (2016). Tracking morning fatigue status across in-season training weeks in elite soccer players. International journal of sports physiology and performance, 11(7), 947-952. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0490
  • Tibana, R. A., De Sousa, N. M. F., Cunha, G. V., Prestes, J., Fett, C., Gabbett, T. J., & Voltarelli, F. A. (2018). Validity of Session Rating Perceived Exertion Method for Quantifying Internal Training Load during High-Intensity Functional Training. Sports, 6(3),68. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports6030068
  • Torres-Ronda, L., Gonçalves, B., Marcelino, R., Torrents, C., Vicente, E., & Sampaio, J. (2015). Heart rate, time-motion, and body impacts when changing the number of teammates and opponents in soccer small-sided games. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(10), 2723-2730. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000932
  • Wrigley, R., Drust, B., Stratton, G., Scott, M., & Gregson, W. (2012). Quantification of the typical weekly in-season training load in elite junior soccer players. Journal of sports sciences, 30(15), 1573-1580. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.709265
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet