Comparing semi-professional and amateur game contexts in a Gk+4 vs. 4+Gk via Football Competence (Procedural Tactical Knowledge)

  1. Rubén Sánchez-López
  2. Ibon Echeazarra
  3. Julen Castellano
Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726,  1988-2041

Año de publicación: 2023

Número: 47

Páginas: 419-429

Tipo: Artículo

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Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Resumen

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el contexto de juego de la misma tarea (un juego reducido P+4 vs. 4+P) en dos grupos (8 semiprofesionales y 8 aficionados), comparando el conocimiento táctico procedimental de los jugadores. Se analizaron 1377 comportamientos tácticos a través del Sistema de Observación de Competiciones de Fútbol (FOCOS), evaluando el volumen y la eficiencia de 67 variables. Se calculó la prueba t de Student para muestras independientes y el tamaño del efecto d de Cohen. Utilizando la corrección de Bonferroni para controlar por la tasa de error familiar en cada criterio de la herramienta de observación, se encontraron diferencias significativas en 13 variables (volumen, n = 1; eficiencia, n = 12), con los siguientes tamaños de efecto (muy grande = 4; grande = 9). Los resultados revelaron que los contextos de juego difieren principalmente en la eficiencia de los comportamientos tácticos que tienen lugar fuera del centro de juego. Con base en este hallazgo, las variables enfocadas en la relación con el balón, ampliamente utilizadas para evaluar el rendimiento en deportes de equipo, deben ser juzgadas cuidadosamente al comparar jugadores de diferentes divisiones y categorías; y los entrenadores deben priorizar su atención en lo que sucede lejos del balón, en lugar de centrar la retroalimentación en los comportamientos tácticos que ocurren en el fragor de la acción.

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