Analysis of basketball game: Relationship between live actions and stoppages in different levels of competition

  1. Hugo Salazar 1
  2. Julen Castellano Paulis 1
  1. 1 University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Faculty of Education and Sport, Spain
Journal:
E-Balonmano.com: Revista de Ciencias del Deporte

ISSN: 1885-7019

Year of publication: 2020

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Pages: 109-118

Type: Article

More publications in: E-Balonmano.com: Revista de Ciencias del Deporte

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate durations of live-time actions (LA) and stoppages (ST) and to compare the distribution of durations among different levels of competition and quarters. LA and ST have been recorded during 21 official games in four different levels of competition: Under 16-years-old (Spanish U16), 3rd division competition (Spanish LEB), 1st division competition (Spanish ACB) and Euroleague (EUR). One-way analysis of variance, Cohen ́s d (d) were implement to interpret the magnitude of differences and a sequential analysis was also performed. 72.8% of all ST events lasted less than 44 s and only 1% were longer than 120 s. EUR level has longer ST durations compared with LEB (d=0.25) and U16 (d=0.36). Fourth quarter exhibit the longest durations of ST (d=-0.32) due to a higher number of time outs and free throws events. Sequential analysis showed how short durations of LA (<16 s) were followed by short durations of ST (<14 s), and long ones (>46 s) activated long periods of SP (>38 s). The practical application of these results should be considered for the design of game-based conditioning programs, especially by understanding the most demanding scenario, with applicability in different levels of basketball.

Funding information

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of a Spanish government subproject Mixed method approach on performance analysis (in training and competition) in elite and academy sport [PGC2018-098742-B-C33] (2019-2021) [del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU), la Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)], that is part of the coordinated project New approach of research in physical activity and sport from mixed methods perspective (NARPAS_MM) [SPGC201800X098742CV0].

Funders

Bibliographic References

  • Abdelkrim, N. B., Castagna, C., El Fazaa, S., & El Ati, J. (2010). The effect of players’ standard and tactical strategy on game demands in men’s basketball. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24, 2652–2662.
  • Abdelkrim, N. B., El Fazaa, S., El Ati, J., and Tabka, Z. (2007). Time-motion analysis and physiological data of elite under-19-year-old basketball players during competition. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41, 69–75.
  • Andersson, H., Randers, M., Heiner-Møller, A., Krustrup, P., & Mohr, M. (2010). Elite female soccer players perform more high-intensity running when playing in international games compared with domestic league games. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24, 912–919.
  • Anguera, M. T. & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2015). Técnicas de análisis en estudios observacionales en ciencias del deporte. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 15(1), 13-30.
  • Anguera, M. T., Blanco-Villaseñor, Á., Hernández-Mendo, A. y Losada, J. L. (2011). Diseños observacionales: ajuste y aplicación en psicología del deporte. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 11(2), 63-76.
  • Anguera, M. T., Blanco-Villaseñor, Á., Losada, J. L. y Hernández-Mendo, A. (2000). La metodología observacional en el deporte: conceptos básicos. Lecturas: EF y Deportes. Revista Digital, 24, [Consultado el 10 de abril de 2018 desde http://www.efdeportes.com/efd24b/obs.htm].
  • Bailey, S. W., & Bodenheimer, B. (2012, August). A comparison of motion capture data recorded from a Vicon system and a Microsoft Kinect sensor. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Applied Perception (pp. 121-121). ACM.
  • Bakeman, R., & Quera, V. (2011). Sequential analysis and observational methods for the behavioral sciences: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bakeman, R., Quera, V. y Gnisci, A. (2009). Observer agreement for timed-event sequential data: A comparison of timebased and event-based algorithms. Behavior Research Methods, 41(1), 137-147.
  • Brewer, C., Dawson, B., Heasman, J., Stewart, G., & Cormack, S. (2010). Movement pattern comparisons in elite (AFL) and sub-elite (WAFL) Australian football games using GPS. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13, 618–623.
  • Castellano, J., Casamichana, D., & Lago, C. (2012). The use of match statistics that discriminate between successful and unsuccessful soccer teams. Journal of Human Kinetics, 31, 137-147.
  • Castellano, J., Perea, A., Alday, L. and Hernández-Mendo, A. (2008). Measuring and Observation Tool in Sports. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 898-903.
  • Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale: Lawrence. Erlbaum; 1988.
  • Courel-Ibáñez, J., Suárez-Cadenas, E. and Cárdenas-Vélez, D. (2017). Transiciones de balón del juego interior en función de la posición específica de los jugadores en baloncesto NBA. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, vol. 17, 3, 239-248
  • Delaney, J. A., Duthie, G. M., Thornton, H. R., Scott, T. J, Gay, D, & Dascombe, B. J. (2016). Acceleration-Based Running Inensities of Professional Rugby League Match Play. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 11, 802-809.
  • Duffield, R., Coutts, A., & Quinn, J. (2009). Core temperature responses and match running performance during intermittent-sprint exercise competition in warm conditions. Journal of Strength and Conditionaing Research, 23, 1238–1244.
  • Dupont, G., Blondel, N., & Berthoin, S. (2003). Performance for short intermittent runs: active recovery vs. passive recovery. European Journal of Apply Physiology, 89, 548–554.
  • Fernandez, J., Camerino, O., Anguera, M.T. & Jonsson, G. K. (2009). Identifying and analyzing the construction and effectiveness of offensive plays in basketball. Behavior Research Methods, 41(3), 719–730.
  • Ferreira, A. P., Volossovitch, A., & Sampaio, J. (2014). Towards the game critical moments in basketball: a grounded theory approach. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 14, 428-44.
  • Gabbett, T. J., Kennelly, S., Sheehan, J., Hawkins, R., Milsom, J., King, E., Whiteley, R., & Ekstrand, J. (2016). If overuse injury is a ‘training load error’, should undertraining be viewed the same way? British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50, 1017-1018.
  • García-Rubio, J., Gómez, M. Á., Cañadas, M., and Ibáñez, J. S. (2015). Offensive RatingTime coordination dynamics in basketball. Complex systems theory applied to Basketball. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 15, 513–526.
  • García, J., Ibáñez, S. J., Parejo, I., Cañadas, M., and Feu, S. (2010). Análisis de los campeonatos del mundo de baloncesto masculino (2002 y 2006): diferencias entre jugadores con diferentes niveles de experiencia (sénior y júnior). European Journal of Human Movement, 24, 53–58.
  • Gomes, J. H., Rebello Mendes, R., Almeida, M. B. D., Zanetti, M. C., Leite, G. D. S., & Figueira Júnior, A. J. (2017). Relationship between physical fitness and game-related statistics in elite professional basketball players: Regular season vs. playoffs. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 23(2).
  • Gómez-Carmona, C. D., Bastida-Castillo, A., García-Rubio, J., Pino-Ortega, J., & Ibáñez, S. J. (2019). Influencia del resultado en las demandas de carga externa en baloncesto masculino de formación durante la competición oficial. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 19(1), 262-274.
  • Gómez, M. A., Lorenzo, A., Jiménez, S., Navarro, R. M., & Sampaio, J. (2015). Examining choking in basketball: effects of game outcome and situational variables during last 5 minutes and overtimes. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 120, 111-124.
  • Hopkins W. A Scale of Magnitudes for Effect Statistic. 2002; Available from: www.sportscience.org.

  • Klusemann, M. J., Pyne, D. B., Hopkins, W. G., & Drinkwater, E. J. (2013). Activity profiles and demands of seasonal and tournament basketball competition. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8(6), 623-629.
  • Martín-García, A., Casamichana, D., Díaz, A. G., Cos, F., & Gabbett, T. J. (2018). Positional Differences in the Most Demanding Passages of Play in Football Competition. Journal of Sport Science and Medicine, 17(4), 563–570.
  • Matthew, D., & Delextrat, A. (2009). Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and time–motion analysis of female basketball players during competition. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(8), 813-821.
  • Moreno, E., Gómez, M. A., Lago, C., & Sampaio, J. (2013). Effects of starting quarter score, game location, and quality of opposition in quarter score in elite women’s basketball. Kinesiology, 45(1), 48-54.
  • Ostojic, S. M., Markovic, G., Calleja-Gonzalez, J., Jakovljevic, D. G., Vucetic, V., & Stojanovic, M. D. (2010). Ultra shortterm heart rate recovery after maximal exercise in continuous versus intermittent endurance athletes. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108(5), 1055-1059.
  • Sampaio, J., Lago-Peñas, C., & Gómez, M. A. (2013). Brief exploration of short and mid-term timeout effects on basketball scoring according to situational variables. European Journal of Sport Science, 13(1), 25-30.
  • Sampaio, J., Leser, R., Baca, A., Calleja-Gonzalez, J., Coutinho, D., Gonçalves, B., & Leite, N. (2016). Defensive pressure affects basketball technical actions but not the time-motion variables. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 5(3), 375-380.
  • Scanlan, A. T., Dascombe, B. J., Reaburn, P., & Dalbo, V. J. (2012). The physiological and activity demands experienced by Australian female basketball players during competition. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 15(4), 341-347.
  • Scanlan, A. T., Tucker, P. S., Dascombe, B. J., Berkelmans, D. M., Hiskens, M. I., & Dalbo, V. J. (2015). Fluctuations in activity demands across game quarters in professional and semiprofessional male basketball. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 29(11), 3006-3015.
  • Scanlan, T. A., Teramoto, M., Delforce, M., & Dalbo, J. V. (2016). Do better things come in smaller packages? Reducing game duration slows game pace and alters statistics associated with winning in basketball. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 16(1), 157-170.
  • Sirotic, A., Coutts, A., Knowles, H., & Catterick, C.A. (2009). Somparison of match demands between elite and semi-elite rugby league competition. Journal of Sports Science, 27, 203–211.
  • Stojanović, E., Stojiljković, N., Scanlan, A. T., Dalbo, V. J., Berkelmans, D. M., & Milanović, Z. (2018). The activity demands and physiological responses encountered during basketball match-play: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 48(1), 111-135.
  • Toro, E. O., Andrés, J. M. P., Gómez, M. A., Godoy, S. J. I., Lorenzo, A., & Sampaio, J. E. (2010). Efecto de la solicitud de tiempos muertos sobre el marcador y el tipo de defensa empleados por los equipos en baloncesto. European Journal of Human Movement, (24), 95-106.
  • Torres-Ronda, L., Ric, A., Llabres-Torres, I., de las Heras, B., & i del Alcazar, X. S. (2016). Position-dependent cardiovascular response and time-motion analysis during training drills and friendly matches in elite male basketball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 30(1), 60-70.