El auge del movimiento de educación alternativa. Antecedentes, características y reflexiones sobre su futuro

Abstract

The movements of alternative education have become a trend in recent years and the number of educational proposals that are framed within this movement at the level of the Spanish and world state has grown. Here we present the review of the literature carried out around the concept of alternative education by providing a definition of it and identifying the general characteristics common to this movement. To carry out this analysis, it has been necessary to review the key antecedents of this alternative education movement since, although their projects are sometimes presented as innovative alternatives, they are pedagogies and methodologies based on proposals from more than a century ago, such as Alexander's Sutherland Neill or Rebeca and Mauricio Wild. For this, the educational experiences of Summerhill (United Kingdom), The Sleeping Lion (Ecuador) and Paideia (Spain) have been analyzed in addition to the previous pedagogies. The results of the review carried out show that alternative education is a concept where different theories, worldviews and realities are integrated, but from which common characteristics of these projects are also collected that help to understand the reasons why in the 21st century these proposals They have reached the height and importance of which we speak.