Tratamientos psicológicos personalizadosOrientaciones clínicas

  1. Alexander Muela Aparicio
  2. Eneko Sansinenea Méndez
Revista:
Papeles del psicólogo

ISSN: 0214-7823,  1886-1415

Año de publicación: 2020

Título del ejemplar: Utilización de los test en España

Volumen: 41

Número: 1

Páginas: 16-26

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.23923/PAP.PSICOL2020.2915 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Papeles del psicólogo

Resumen

En la actualidad existe una amplia concienciación para personalizar los tratamientos psicológicos en función de las características individuales del paciente y de la singularidad de su contexto vital. Utilizar el mismo tratamiento para cada paciente y para cada trastorno es una práctica clínica contraindicada y una conducta poco ética. En el presente trabajo se revisan siete factores importantes en este ámbito: el grado de reactancia con respecto al cambio, la fase del cambio en la que se encuentra el cliente, la cultura, el estilo de afrontamiento, el estilo de apego, las preferencias terapéuticas y los sentimientos religiosos y espirituales. Los resultados de diversos estudios metanalíticos sugieren que dichos factores influyen sensiblemente en la eficacia de los tratamientos psicológicos, y que su aplicación deja un amplio margen de mejora para la eficacia de los tratamientos psicológicos.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • APA Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice (2006). Evidence-based practice in psychology. The American Psychologist, 61, 271-285.
  • Arnkoff, D. B., Glass, C. R. y Shapiro, S. J. (2002). Expectations and preferences. En J. C. Norcross (Ed.), Psychotherapy relationships that work: Therapist contributions and responsiveness to patients (pp. 335-356). New York, NY, US: Oxford University Press.
  • Barlow, D. H., Bullis, J. R., Comer, J. S. y Ametaj, A. A. (2013). Evidence-based psychological treatments: An update and a way forward. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315619996-9
  • Barlow, D. H., Farchione, T. J., Sauer-Zavala, S., Murray Latin, H., Ellard, K. K., Bullis, J. T., Bentley, K. H., Boettcher, H. T. y Cassiello-Robbins, C. (2019). Protocolo unificado para el tratamiento transdiagnóstico de los trastornos emocionales. Madrid: Alianza Editorial.
  • Beauvois, J. (2017). Americanization of psychology. En A. Wenzel (Ed.), The sage encyclopedia of abnormal and clinical psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 151-152). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483365817
  • Bernal, G., Jiménez-Chafey, M. I. y Domenech Rodríguez, M. M. (2009). Cultural adaptation of treatments: A resource for considering culture in evidence-based practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40(4), 361368. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016401
  • Beutler, L. E., Edwards, C. y Someah, K. (2018). Adapting psychotherapy to patient reactance level: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(11), 19521963. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22682
  • Beutler, L. E., Kimpara, S., Edwards, C. J. y Miller, K. D. (2018). Fitting psychotherapy to patient coping style: A meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(11), 1980-1995. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22684
  • Bowlby, J. (1969/1998). El apego y la pérdida: Vol. 1. El apego. Barcelona: Paidós.
  • Captari, L. E., Hook, J. N., Hoyt, W., Davis, D. E., McElroy Heltzel, S. E. y Worthington, E. L. (2018). Integrating clients’ religion and spirituality within psychotherapy: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(11), 19381951. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22681
  • Chen, R., Atzil-Slonim, D., Bar-Kalifa, E., Hasson-Ohayon, I. y Refaeli, E. (2018). Therapists’ recognition of alliance ruptures as a moderator of change in alliance and symptoms. Psychotherapy Research, 28(4), 560-570. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2016.1227104
  • Coleman, H. L. K. y Wampold, B. E. (2003). Challenges to the development of culturally relevant, empirically supported treatment. En D. B. Pope-Davis, H. L. K. Coleman, W. M. Liu y R. L. Toporek (Eds.), Handbook of multicultural competencies: In counseling & psychology (pp. 227-246). Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage Publications, Inc. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781452231693.n15
  • Cramer, A. O., Waldorp, L. J., van der Maas, H. L. y Borsboom, D. (2010). Comorbidity: A network perspective. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33, 137-150. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X09991567
  • Craske, M. G. (2012). Transdiagnostic treatment for anxiety and depression. Depression and Anxiety, 29(9), 749-753. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.21992
  • Eubanks, C. F., Muran, J. C. y Safran, J. D. (2019). Repairing alliance ruptures. En J. C. Norcross, y M. J. Lambert (Eds.), Psychotherapy relationships that work: Volume 1: Evidence-based therapist contributions (pp. 549-579). New York: Oxford University Press. http://doi.org/10.1093/medpsych/9780190843953.003.0016
  • Fairburn, C. G., Cooper, Z., Doll, H. A., O’Connor, M. E., Bohn, K., Hawker, D. M., … Palmer, R. L. (2009). Transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy for patients with eating disorders: A two-site trial with 60-week follow-up. American Journal of Psychiatry, 166(3), 311-319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.08040608
  • Farchione, T. J., Fairholme, C. P., Ellard, K. K., Boisseau, C. L., Thompson-Hollands, J., Carl, J. R., ... y Barlow, D. H. (2012). Unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders: A randomized controlled trial. Behavior therapy, 43(3), 666-678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2012.01.001
  • Galán-Rodríguez, A. (2018). A vueltas con la comparación de psicoterapias: En busca de la supervivencia del profesional. Papeles del Psicólogo, 39(1), 13-21. https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2018.2856
  • Gielen, U. P., Draguns, J. G. y Fish, J. M. (2008). Principles of multicultural counseling and therapy. New York: Routledge. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203893302
  • Gimeno-Peón, A., Barrio-Nespereira, A. y Prado-Abril, J. (2018). Monitorización sistemática y feedback en psicote
  • rapia. Papeles del Psicólogo, 39(3), 174-182. https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2018.2872
  • González-Blanch, C. y Carral-Fernández, L. (2017). ¡Enjaulad a Dodo, por favor! El cuento de que todas las psicoterapias son igual de eficaces. Papeles del Psicólogo, 38(2), 94-106. https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2017.2828
  • Hall, K. L. y Rossi, J. S. (2008). Meta-analytic examination of the strong and weak principles across 48 health behaviors. Preventive Medicine, 46(3), 266-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.11.006
  • Hershenberg, R. y Goldfried, M. R. (2015). Implications of RDoC for the research and practice of psychotherapy . Behav io r Therapy, 46(2 ) , 156 -165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2014.09.014
  • Holmes, E. A., Ghaderi, A., Harmer, C. J., Ramchandani, P. G., Cuijpers, P., Morrison, A. P., ... y Moulds, M. L. (2018). The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on psychological treatments research in tomorrow’s science . The Lance t P sych ia t ry , 5 (3 ) , 237 -286. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(17)30513-8
  • Krebs, P., Norcross, J. C., Nicholson, J. M. y Prochaska, J. O. (2018). Stages of change and psychotherapy outcomes: A review and meta analysis. Journal of Clin i ca l P sycho logy , 74(11) , 1964 -1979. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22683
  • Lambert, M. J., Whipple, J. L. y Kleinstäuber, M. (2019). Collecting and delivering feedback. Psychotherapy relationships that work. En J. C. Norcross, y M. J. Lambert (Eds.), Psychotherapy relationships that work: Volume 1: Evidence-based therapist contributions (pp. 580-630) . New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Levy, K. N., Kivity, Y., Johnson, B. N. y Gooch, C. V. (2018). Adult attachment as a predictor and moderator of psychotherapy outcome: A meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(11), 1996-2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22685
  • Marchette, L. K. y Weisz, J. R. (2017). Practitioner Review: Empirical evolution of youth psychotherapy toward transdiagnostic approaches. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(9), 970-984. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12747
  • Mikulincer, M. y Shaver, P. R. (2016). Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. New York: Guilford Press.
  • Miller, S. D., Hubble, M. A., Chow, D. L. y Seidel, J. A. (2013). The outcome of psychotherapy: Yesterday, today, and tomorrow. Psychotherapy, 50(1), 88-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0031097
  • Miller, W. R. y Rollnick, S. (2015). La entrevista motivacional. Barcelona: Paidós.
  • Muran, J. C., Safran, J. D., Gorman, B. S., Samstag, L. W., Eubanks-Carter, C. y Winston, A. (2009). The relationship of early alliance ruptures and their resolution to process and out come in three time-limited psychotherapies for personality disorders. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 46(2), 233-248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0016085
  • Norcross, J. C. y Goldfried, M. R. (2019). Handbook of psychotherapy integration. Oxford, UK: Oxford Universi ty Press. ht tps://dx.doi.org/10.1093/medpsych/9780190690465.001.0001
  • Norcross, J. C. y Lambert, M. J. (Eds.). (2019). Psychotherapy relationships that work: Volume 1: Evidence-based therapist contributions. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Norcross, J. C. y Wampold, B. E. (Eds.). (2019). Psychotherapy Relationships that Work: Volume 2: EvidenceBased Therapist Responsiveness. New York: Oxford University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/medpsych/9780190843960.001.0001
  • Paul, G. L. (1967). Strategy of outcome research in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 31(2), 109-118.
  • Pearce, M. J., Koenig, H. G., Robins, C. J., Nelson, B., Shaw, S. F., Cohen, H. J. y King, M. B. (2015). Religiously integrated cognitive behavioral therapy: A new method of treatment for major depression in patients with chronic medical illness. Psychotherapy, 52(1), 5666. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036448
  • Pérez-Álvarez, M. (2019). La psicoterapia como ciencia humana, más que tecnológica. Papeles del Psicólogo, 40, 114. https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2019.2877
  • Prado-Abril, J., Gimeno-Peón, A., Inchausti, F. y Sánchez-Reales, S. (2019). Pericia, efectos del terapeuta y práctica deliberada: El ciclo de la excelencia. Papeles del Psicólogo, 40(2), 89-100. https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2019.2888
  • Prochaska, J. O. y DiClemente, C. C. (1983). Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51(3), 390-395.
  • Prochaska, J. O. y Norcross, J. C. (2018). Systems of psychotherapy: A transtheoretical analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Safran, J. D. Muran, J. C., y Eubanks-Carter, C. (2011). Repairing alliance ruptures. Psychotherapy, 48, 80-87. https://www.doi.org/10.1037/a0022140
  • Smith, T. B., Bartz, J. y Richards, P. S. (2007). Outcomes of religious and spiritual adaptations to psychotherapy: A meta-analytic review. Psychotherapy Research, 17, 643655. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503300701250347
  • Soto, A., Smith, T. B., Griner, D., Domenech Rodríguez, M. y Bernal, G. (2018). Cultural adaptations and therapist multicultural competence: Two meta-analytic reviews. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74, 1907-1923. https://www.doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22679
  • Task Force on Promotion and Dissemination of Psychological Procedures. (1995). Training in and dissemination of empirically validated psychological treatments. The Clinical Psychologist, 48, 3-23.
  • Vieten, C. y Scammell, S. (2015). Spiritual and religious competencies in clinical practice: Guidelines for psychotherapists and mental health professionals. Oacland, CA: New Harbinger Publications.
  • Wampold, B. E. e Imel, Z. E. (2015). The great psychotherapy debate: The evidence for what makes psychothe rapy work . New York : Rou t l edge. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203582015
  • Weisz, J. R., Krumholz, L. S., Santucci, L., Thomassin, K. y Ng, M. Y. (2015). Shrinking the gap between research and practice: Tailoring and testing youth psychotherapies in clinical care contexts. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 11, 139-163. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurevclinpsy-032814-112820
  • World Health Organization. (2003). Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action. Geneva: World Health Organization.
  • Worthington Jr, E. L., Hook, J. N., Davis, D. E. y McDaniel, M. A. (2011). Religion and spirituality. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67(2), 204-214. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20760
  • Wrenn, C. G. (1961). Counselor in a changing world. Washington, DC: American Personnel and Guidance Association.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet