Sources of perceived sociocultural pressure on physical self-concept

  1. Rodríguez Fernández, Arantzazu
  2. González Fernández, Óscar
  3. Goñi Grandmontagne, Alfredo
Journal:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915

Year of publication: 2013

Volume: 25

Issue: 2

Pages: 192-198

Type: Article

More publications in: Psicothema

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study is to analyze the four-factor structure (advertising, information, family environment and friendship setting) of the Cuestionario de Influjos Socioculturales sobre el Autoconcepto Físico (CIAF) [Sociocultural Influences on Physical Self-concept Questionnaire] and its invariance in relation to sex, age and physical activity. Method: Participants were 579 students (339 men and 240 women) aged between 12 and 23, divided into three groups (137 under 14 years, 338 aged between 15 and 18 and 104 over 18 years). All completed the CIAF. Results: Both the confirmatory factor analyses and the factor invariance tests support the four-factor structure of the CIAF and, therefore, the identification of four different types of sociocultural perceived influence. Conclusions: These results allow us to apply the abundant data found by previous studies on sociocultural pressure on body image to our understanding of physical self-concept.

Bibliographic References

  • Bentler, P.M., & Dudgeon (1996). Covariance structure analysis: Statistical practice, theory, and directions. Annual Review of Psychology, 47, 563-592.
  • Cash, T.F., & Pruzinsky, T. (2004). Body image. A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. New York: Guilford.
  • Esnaola, I., Rodríguez, A., & Goñi, A. (2010). Body dissatisfaction and perceived sociocultural pressures: Gender and age differences. Salud Mental, 33(1), 21-29.
  • Ferrando, P.J., & Anguiano-Carrasco, C. (2010). El análisis factorial como técnica de investigación en psicología [The factorial analysis as a research technique in psychology]. Papeles del Psicólogo, 31(1), 18-33.
  • Goñi, A., Rodríguez, A., & Esnaola, I. (2010). The physical self-perceptions in adulthood and old age. Psicothema, 22(3), 460-467.
  • Grabe, S., Ward, L., & Hyde, J.S. (2008). The role of the media in body image concerns among women: A meta-analysis of experimental and correlational studies. Psychological Bulletin, 134, 460-476.
  • Inglés, C., Martínez, A., García, J.M., Torregrosa, M., & Ruiz C. (2012). La conducta prosocial y el autoconcepto de estudiantes españoles de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria [The prosocial behavior and the Spanish students' self-concept in Compulsory Secondary Education]. Revista de Psicodidáctica, 17(1), 135-157.
  • Jöreskog, K.G., & Sörbom, D. (2006). LISREL 8.8 for Windows [Computer software]. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientiffc Software International.
  • Kaplan, H.I., & Sadock, B.J. (2007). Synopsis of psychiatry. Behavioral Sciences/clinical Psychiatry. Baltimore: William & Wilkins.
  • Neumark-Sztainer, D., Bauer, K.W., Friend, S., Hannan, P.J., Story, M., & Berge, J.M. (2010). Family weight talk and dieting: How much do they matter for body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors in adolescent girls? Journal of Adolescent Health, 47(3), 270-276.
  • Pons, J., & Pinazo, S. (2000). Autoconcepto y niveles de comunicación familiar en adolescentes [Self-concept and levels of family communication in adolescents]. Acta Psiquiátrica y Psicológica de América Latina, 46(2), 167-174.
  • Raich, R.M. (2000). Imagen corporal. Conocer y valorar el propio cuerpo [Body image. To know and to value the own body]. Madrid: Pirámide.
  • Ricciardelli, L.A., & McCabe, M.P. (2003). Sociocultural and individual inffuences on muscle gain and weight loss strategies among adolescent boys and girls. School Psychology, 40, 209-224.
  • Rodríguez, A., Droguett. L., & Revuelta, L. (2012). School and personal adjustment in adolescence: The role of academic self-concept and perceived social support. Revista de Psicodidáctica, 17(1), 397-414.
  • Rodríguez-Fernández, A., & Goñi, A. (2012). Risk of eating disorders and physical self-concept in adolescence. In I. Jáuregui-Lobera (Ed.), Relevan topics in eating disorders (pp. 83-118). Rijeka (Croatia): Intech.
  • Sierra, J.C., Santos-Iglesias, P., & Vallejo-Medina, P. (2012). Evaluación de la equivalencia factorial y métrica de la Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS) por sexo [Evaluation of the factorial and metric equivalence of Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS) by sex]. Psicothema, 24(2), 316-322.
  • Tantleff-Dunn, S., & Gokke, J.L. (2004). Interpersonal inffuences on body image development. In T.F. Cash & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body image. A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice (pp. 108-116). New York: Guilford.
  • Tiggemann, M. (2003). Media exposure, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: Television and magazines are not the same! European Eating Disorders Review, 11, 418-430.
  • Tomás, J.M., & Oliver, A. (1998). Efectos de formato de respuesta y método en análisis factorial conffrmatorio [Effects of response format and method in conffrmatory factor analysis]. Psicothema, 10(1), 197-208.