Valoración de escenarios de agresiones sexuales en contextos urbanosIn-EAS, una propuesta de herramienta de análisis espacial

  1. César San Juan Guillén 1
  2. Laura Vozmediano Sanz 1
  3. Nerea Martín
  1. 1 Instituto Vasco de Criminología. Universidad del País Vasco
Journal:
Behavior & Law Journal

ISSN: 2444-4170

Year of publication: 2019

Volume: 5

Issue: 1

Pages: 18-30

Type: Article

DOI: 10.47442/BLJ.V5.I1.65 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Behavior & Law Journal

Abstract

This paper presents a tool for the assessment of sexual aggression scenarios in urban contexts. The In-EAS has been adapted from an inventory originally designed by Vania Ceccato of the KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden. In our context, applied in three medium-sized Spanish cities, we have been able to identify two major types of scenarios of sexual aggression in urban space. A first category of well-maintained spaces, but due to the presence of plant elements with a "panoramic-refuge" effect (i.e. places where one can observe without being seen) offer opportunities to the potential aggressor. The second category includes scenarios that are geographically peripheral and with some indicators of deficiencies in urban maintenance, with the presence of graffiti, abandoned buildings and a very low presence of pedestrians. That is to say, what in the criminological field would serve as an example to illustrate the Broken Windows Theory. On the other hand, they are urban environments in which there is a scarce presence of plant elements, so there is a larger visual field surface that does not result in a greater informal control precisely because of the aforementioned theory of broken windows. The importance of these findings for the prevention of crime through the redesign of spaces is underlined

Bibliographic References

  • Balemba, S., & Beauregard, E. (2013). Where and when? Examining spatiotemporal aspects of sexual assault events. Journal of sexual aggression,19(2), 171-190.
  • Beauregard, E., Proulx, J., & Rossmo, D. K. (2005). Spatial patterns of sex offenders: Theoretical, empirical, and practical issues. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 10(5), 579-603.
  • Beauregard, E., Rossmo, D. K., & Proulx, J. (2007). A descriptive model of the hunting process of serial sex offenders: A rational choice perspective. Journal of Family Violence, 22(6), 449-463.
  • Beauregard, E., Proulx, J., Rossmo, K., Leclerc, B., & Allaire, J. F. (2007). Script analysis of the hunting process of serial sex offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 34(8), 1069-1084.
  • Beauregard, E., & Leclerc, B. (2007). An application of the rational choice approach to the offending process of sex offenders: A closer look at the decision-making. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 19(2), 115-133.
  • Beauregard, E., Rebocho, M. F., & Rossmo, D. K. (2010). Target selection patterns in rape. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 7(2), 137-152.
  • Brantingham, P. J., & Brantingham, P. L. (1978). A theoretical model of crime site selection. Crime, Law and Sanctions. Sage Publications Inc.
  • Brantingham, P. J., & Brantingham, P. L. (Eds.). (1981). Environmental criminology (pp. 27-54). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
  • Canter, D., & Larkin, P. (1993). The environmental range of serial rapists. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 13(1), 63-69.
  • Ceccato, V. (2014). The nature of rape places. Journal of environmental psychology, 40, 97-107.
  • Cohen, L. E., & Felson, M. (1979). Social change and crime rate trends: A routine activity approach. American sociological review, 588-608.
  • Cozens, P. Saville, G., & Hillier, D. (2005). Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design: A review modern bibliography. Property Management, 23, 5, 328-356.
  • Deslauriers-Varin, N., & Beauregard, E. (2010). Victims’ routine activities and sex offenders’ target selection scripts: A latent class analysis. Sexual abuse: a journal of research and treatment, 22(3), 315-342.
  • Hewitt, A., & Beauregard, E. (2014). Sexual crime and place: The impact of the environmental context on sexual assault outcomes. Journal of Criminal Justice, 42(5), 375-383.
  • Rebocho, M. F., & Silva, P. (2014). Target selection in rapists: The role of environmental and contextual factors. Aggression and violent behavior, 19(1), 42-49.
  • San Juan, C. & Vozmediano, L. (2018). Psicología Criminal. Madrid: Editorial Síntesis.
  • Serrano Maíllo, A. (2009). Oportunidad y delito. Una metateoría sobre la motivación y la oportunidad como. Madrid: Dykinson.
  • Summers, L., Johnson, S. D., & Rengert, G. F. (2010). The use of maps in offender interviewing. Offenders on offending: Learning about crime from criminals, 246-272.
  • Vandeviver, C. (2014). Applying Google Maps and Google Street View in criminological research. Crime Science, 3: 13.
  • Vozmediano, L., & San Juan, C. (2010). Criminología Ambiental: ecología del delito y de la seguridad. Editorial UOC.
  • Wilson, J. Q., & Kelling, G. L. (1982). Broken windows. Atlantic monthly,249(3), 29-38.
Data source: Dialnet