Assessment and comparison of current media and journalism systems in the Catalan, Galician and Basque languages

  1. Zabaleta Urkiola, Iñaki
  2. Xamardo González, Nicolás
  3. Gutiérrez Paz, Miren Arantza
  4. Urrutia Izaguirre, Santiago
  5. Fernández Astobiza, Itxaso
Journal:
Catalan journal of communication & cultural studies

ISSN: 1757-1898

Year of publication: 2010

Volume: 2

Issue: 1

Pages: 3-21

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1386/CJCS.2.1.3_1 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Catalan journal of communication & cultural studies

Sustainable development goals

Abstract

This article studies and compares the current print and broadcast media and journalism structures in the Catalan, Galician and Basque linguistic communities, and also the degree of website development among traditional media organizations (press, radio, television). The media systems serving the three autochthonous languages are studied in terms of media type, ownership and circulation. Full-time journalists working in the monolingual minority-language media organizations were assessed in terms of numbers and profiles. The relative weight of the media systems in terms of the population of speakers was also evaluated and results showed that the Catalan and Basque systems were proportionately balanced, contrary to the Galician media, which had a negative relative weight.

Bibliographic References

  • Bourhis, R. Y., Giles, H. and Rosenthal, D. (1981), ‘Notes on the Construction of a Subjective Vitality Questionnaire for Ethnolinguistic Groups’, Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2:2, pp. 145–55.
  • Brisaboa, N. R., Penabad, M. R., Places, A. S., Rodriguez, F. J., Sanjulián, C. F., Fontáiña, L. T., Modia, C. L. and Fernández, C. V. (2002), ‘BVG: Una Biblioteca Virtual de Literatura Gallega’, Mercator Media Forum, 6:1, pp. 62–79.
  • Browne, D. (1996), Electronic Media and Indigenous Peoples: A Voice of Our Own?, Ames (Iowa): University of Iowa Press.
  • Chan-Olmsted, S. M. and Park, J. S. (2000), ‘From On-Air to Online World: Examining The Content and Structures of Broadcast TV Stations’ Websites’, Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 77:2, pp. 321–39.
  • Cormack, M. and Hourigan, N. (eds) (2007), Minority Language Media, Clevedon (UK): Multilingual Matters.
  • de Moragas i Spà, M., Fernández Alonso, I., Blasco Gil, J. J., Guimerà I Orts, J. À., Corbella I Cordomí, J. M., Civil i Serra, M. and Gibert i Fortuny, O. (eds) (2007), Informe de la Comunicación en Cataluña 2005–2006, Bellaterra (Barcelona): Ediciones UAB.
  • de Moragas, M., Garitaonandia, C. and López, B. (eds) (1999), Television on your Doorstep: Decentralisation Experiences in the European Union, Luton (UK): University of Luton Press.
  • Dijk, T. A. van (2009), ‘News, Discourse and Ideology’, in K. Wahl-Jorgensen and T. Hanitzsch (eds), The Handbook of Journalism Studies, Abingdon Oxon: Routledge, pp. 191–204.
  • Falkena, O. (2001), ‘www.omropfryslan.nl: The Development of a Frisian-language Multimedia Website’, Mercator Media Forum, 5, pp. 42–7.
  • Fishman, J. A. (1991), Reversing Language Shift: Theoretical and Empirical Foundations of Assistance to Threatened Languages, Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
  • Fishman, J. A. (ed.) (2001), Can Threatened Languages Be Saved? Reversing Language Sift Revisited: A 21st Century Perspective, Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
  • Franklin, B. (2008), ‘The Future of Newspapers’, Journalism Studies, 9:5, pp. 630–41.
  • Gans, H. J. (1979), Deciding What’s News, New York: Random House.
  • Gifreu, J. (1986), ‘From Communication Policy to Reconstruction of Cultural Identity: Prospects for Catalonia’, European Journal of Communication, 1:4, pp. 463–76.
  • Giles, H., Bourhis, R. and Yaylor, D. (1977), ‘Towards a theory of language in ethnic group relations’, in H. Giles (ed.), Language, Ethnicity and Intergroup Relations, London: Academic Press, pp. 307–48.
  • Hanitzsch, T. (2009), ‘Comparative Journalism Studies’, in K. Wahl-Jorgensen and T. Hanitzsch (eds), The Handbook of Journalism Studies, Abingdon Oxon: Routledge, pp. 413–27.
  • Hogan-Brun, G. and Wolff, S. (2003), ‘Minority languages in Europe: An introduction to the current debate’, in G. Hogan-Brun, and S. Wolff (eds), Minority Languages in Europe: Frameworks, Status, Prospects, London: Palgrave MacMillan, pp. 3–15.
  • Kelly, M., Mazzoleni, G. and Mcquail, D. (eds) (2004), The Media in Europe, London, Sage Publications.
  • Kirk, J. and Ó Baoill, D. P. (eds) (2003), Towards our Goals in Broadcasting, the Press, the Performing Arts and the Economy: Minority Languages in Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland, and Scotland, Belfast: Queens’s University Belfast.
  • Laitin, D. D. and Rodríguez Gómez, G. (1992), ‘Language, Ideology and the Press in Catalonia’, American Antropologist, 94:1, pp. 9–30.
  • Landry, R. and Bourhis, R. Y. (1997), ‘Linguistic landscape and ethnolinguistic vitality: An empirical study’, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 16:1, pp. 23–49.
  • Lanweeder, L. M. (2000), ‘Indicators of ethnolinguistic vitality’, Notes on Sociolinguistics, 5:1, pp. 5–22.
  • Li, X. (1998), ‘Web Page Design and Graphic Use of Three US Newspapers’, Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 75:2, pp. 353–65.
  • Lippman, W. (1922), Public Opinion, New York: Macmillan.
  • López, B. (2002), ‘Esperanzas en la Red: Vilaweb como Ejemplo Exitoso de Medio de Comunicacion Online en una Lengua Minoritaria’, Mercator Media Forum, 6, pp. 37–57.
  • Quandt, T. and Singer, J. B. (2009), ‘Convergence and Cross-Platform Content Production’, in K. Wahl-Jorgensen and T. Hanitzsch (eds), Journalism Studies, Abingdon Oxon: Routledge, pp. 130–44.
  • Riggins, S. H. (ed.) (1992), Ethnic Minority Media, London: Sage.
  • Rummel, R. J. (1970), Factor Analysis, Chicago: Northwestern University Press.
  • Schiff, F. (2006), ‘Business Models of News Websites: A Survey of Empirical Trends and Expert Opinion’, First Monday. Special Issue No. 6: Commercial Applications of the Internet (Originally published in June 2003). http://first- monday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/1061/981. Accessed 31 May 2005.
  • Scolari, C., Jarque, J. M., Perales, C., Navarro, H. and Coll, I. (2007), ‘El canvi digital als mitjans de proximitat. Les transformacions generades per la introducció de les tecnologies digitals en les redaccions de la premsa comar- cal i les ràdios i televisions locals’, Lexicon Papers, Barcelona: Departament de la Presidència de la Generalitat de Catalunya. The authors, members of the Grup de Recerca d’Interaccions Digitals (GRID – UVic) first presented the paper at the II Convenció Catalana de la Premsa Comarcal i Local, Santa Coloma de Queralt (Conca del Barberà, Tarragona), 24 April 2007, organized by the Associació Catalana de Premsa Comarcal.
  • Siebert, F., Petersen, T. and Schramm, W. (1956), Four Theories of the Press, Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
  • Singer, J. B. (2003), ‘Campaign Contributions: Online Newspapers Coverage of Election 2000’, Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 80:1, pp. 39–56.
  • Weaver, D. H. (2006), The American Journalist in the 21st Century: US News People at the Dawn of a New Millennium, New York: Routledge.
  • Wimmer, R. D. and Dominick, J. R. (1983), Mass Media Research: An Introduction, Belmont, CA (USA): Wadsworth Publishers.
  • Zabaleta, I. (1996), ‘Culture and language universe for the Basque Community’, in M. Ledo Andión (ed.), Comunicación na periferia atlántica: Actas do I Congreso Internacional, Santiago de Compostela: Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, pp. 215–22.
  • Zabaleta, I. (2000), ‘La comunidad lingüística como universo: una perspectiva desde Euskal Herria ante los nuevos sistemas de comunicación’, in M. Treserras (ed.) Trípodos: The Impact of Information and Communication Technologies on Social Realities, First International Conference on Communication and Reality, Barcelona: Facultat de Ciéncies de la Comunicació Blanquerna, pp. 193–204.
  • Zabaleta, I. (2003), ‘The Forgotten Europe of Small Language Media and the Basque Experience’, in A. Schorr, W. Campbell and M. Schenk (eds), Communication Research and Media Science in Europe, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 535–50.
  • Zabaleta, I., Xamardo, N., Gutierrez, M. A., Urrutia, S. and Fernández Astobiza, I. (2008), ‘Language Development, Knowledge and Use Among Journalists of European Minority Language Media’, Journalism Studies, 9:2, pp. 195–211.
  • Zabaleta, I., Xamardo, N., Gutierrez, A., Urrutia, S. and Fernandez, I. (2010), ‘Assessment and comparison of current media and journa- lism systems in the Catalan, Galician and Basque languages’, Catalan Journal of Communication & Cultural Studies 2: 1, pp. 3–21, doi: 10.1386/ cjcs.2.1.3_1