Bide partikula: eduki doxastikoa eta ebidentziala

  1. Kepa Korta 1
  2. Larraitz Zubeldia 1
  1. 1 UPV-EHU
Revista:
Gogoa: Euskal Herriko Unibersitateko hizkuntza, ezagutza, komunikazio eta ekintzari buruzko aldizkaria

ISSN: 1577-9424

Año de publicación: 2016

Número: 15

Páginas: 11-29

Tipo: Artículo

Otras publicaciones en: Gogoa: Euskal Herriko Unibersitateko hizkuntza, ezagutza, komunikazio eta ekintzari buruzko aldizkaria

Resumen

Two kinds of meanings are usually attributed to the Basque particle bide. On the one hand, it is said to indicate the indirect nature of the speaker’s evidence for the truth of the proposition at issue. According to this view, it would be a sort of inferential particle. On the other hand, bide has been associated to the expression of a certain degree of belief or certainty on the truth of the proposition. This twofold dimension of bide parallels some features of the meaning and use of another Basque particle —omen. Their morpho-syntactic behaviour, for instance, is practically identical, and their semantics and pragmatics calls for a close comparison. Then, taking as a basis our independent conclusions about omen, we examine the similarities and differences between both particles. They both point to the indirect nature of the evidence the speaker has for the assertion. But we detect two main differences. First, bide encodes an epistemic or doxastic dimension that is not present in the semantic meaning of omen. Second, bide can be taken to be an illocutionary force indicator not contributing to the truth-conditions of the utterance, whereas omen cannot.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Alcázar, Asier (2009), «Subjectification in Basque evidential particles». Eskuizkribua.
  • Boye, Kasper (2010), «Semantic maps and the identification of cross-linguistic generic categories: Evidentiality and its relation to epistemic modality». Linguistic discovery 8-1: 4-22.
  • Boye, Kasper (2012), Epistemic meaning: A Crosslinguistic and Functional-Cognitive study. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Chafe, Wallace (1986), «Evidentiality in English conversation and academic Writing». In Wallace Chafe & Johanna Nichols (arg.), Evidentiality: The Linguistic Coding of Epistemology. Volume XX in the Series Advances in Discourse Processes. Norwood, New Jersey: Ablex Publishing Corporation Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 261-272 or.
  • Cornillie, Bert (2009), «Evidentiality and epistemic modality. On the close relationship between two different categories». Functions of Language 16-1: 44-62.
  • Elhuyar-Elkar (1994), Euskal hiztegi modernoa. Donostia: Elhuyar-Elkar.
  • Euskaltzaindia (1987), Euskal Gramatika. Lehen Urratsak II. Bilbao.
  • Faller, Martina (2002), Semantics and Pragmatics of Evidentials in Cuzco Quechua. Doktoretza-tesia, Stanford University.
  • Faller, Martina (2006), «Evidentiality below and above speech acts». Manchester: University of Manchester, eskuizkribua. Sarean: http://personalpages.manchester.ac.uk/staff/martina.t.faller/documents/Evidentiality.Above.Below.pdf.
  • Faller, Martina (2012), «Evidential scalar implicatures». Linguistics and Philosophy 35: 285-312.
  • Grice, Paul (1961), «The causal theory of perception». Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Supplementary volumes 35: 121-152.
  • Grice, Paul (1967a), «Logic and conversation». In Donald Davidson & Gilbert Harman (arg.) (1975), The logic of grammar, Encino: Dickenson, 64-75 or. Peter Cole & Jerry L. Morgan (arg.) (1975)-n argitaratua, baita ere, Syntax and semantics 3: Speech acts, New York: Academic Press, 41-58 or. Paul Grice (1989)-n berrargitaratua, Studies in the way of words, Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press, 22-40 or.
  • Grice, Paul (1967b), «Further Notes on Logic and Conversation». In Peter Cole (arg.) (1978), Syntax and semantics 9: Pragmatics, New York: Academic Press, 113-128 or. Paul Grice (1989)-n berrargitaratua, Studies in the way of words, Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press, 41-57.
  • Jendraschek, Gerd (2003), La Modalité Épistémique en Basque. Muenchen: Lincom Europa.
  • Korta, Kepa & Larraitz Zubeldia (2014), «The contribution of evidentials to utterance content: Evidence from the Basque reportative particle omen». Language 90-2: 389-423.
  • Korta, Kepa & Larraitz Zubeldia (2015), «The evidential and doxastic dimensions of bide». Belgian Journal of Linguistics 29, ale berezia, J. Marín-Arrese & B. Cornillie (arg.), On the Pragmatics Semantics interface of evidentiality, 41-59. doi 10.1075/bjl.29.02kor.
  • Levinson, Stephen C. (1983), Pragmatics. Cambridge University Press.
  • Levinson, Stephen C. (2000), Presumptive Meanings. The Theory of Generalized Conversational Implicature. Cambridge, London: MIT Press. Marín-Arrese, Juana I. (2015), «Epistemicity and stance: A crosslinguistic study of epistemic stance strategies in journalistic discourse in English and Spanish». Discourse Studies 17-2: 210-225.
  • Matlock, Teenie (1989), «Metaphor and the grammaticalization of evidentials». Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 15: 215-225.
  • Matthewson, Lisa (2012): «Evidence about evidentials: Where fieldwork meets theory». In Britta Stolterfoht & Sam Featherston (arg.), Empirical approaches to linguistic theory: Studies in meaning and structure. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 85-114 or.
  • Matthewson, Lisa; Henry Davis & Hotze Rullmann (2007), «Evidentials as epistemic modals: Evidence from St’át’imcets». Linguistic Variation Yearbook 7: 201-54.
  • McCready, Eric & Norry Ogata (2007), «Evidentiality, modality and probability». Linguistics and Philosophy 30: 147-206.
  • Morris, Mikel (1998), Morris student plus. Euskara-ingelesa, english-basque. Donostia: Klaudio Harluxet Fundazioa. http://www1.euskadi.net/morris/
  • Murray, Sarah (2010), Evidentiality and the structure of speech acts. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University dissertation.
  • Novia de Salcedo, Pedro (1887), Diccionario Etimológico del Idioma Bascongado. Tolosa: Eusebio López.
  • Orpustan, Jean-Baptiste (1993), Oihenarten Hiztegia. Lexique Basque des Proverbes et Poésies d’Oyhenart Traduit en Français et Espagnol / par Jean-Baptiste Orpustan. Baigorri: Izpegi.
  • Rijk, Rudolf P. G. de (2008), Standard Basque: a Progressive Grammar. Vol. 1: The grammar. Cambridge (Massachusetts): MIT Press.
  • Sauerland, Uli & Mathias Schenner (2007), «Shifting evidentials in Bulgarian». Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 11: 525-539.
  • Schenner, Mathias (2008), «Double face evidentials in German: Reportative sollen and wollen in embedded contexts». In Atle Grønn (arg.), Proceedings of SuB12. Oslo: University of Oslo, 552-566 or.
  • Searle, John & Daniel Vanderveken (1985), Foundations of illocutionary logic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • van der Auwera, Johan & Vladimir A. Plungian (1998), «Modality’s semantic map». Linguistic typology 2: 79-123.
  • Vanderveken, Daniel (1990), Meaning and speech acts. Vol. 1. Principles of language use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • van Eys, Willem J. (1873), Dictionnaire Basque-Français. Paris: Maisonneuve; London: Williams and Norgate.
  • Waldie, Ryan, Tyler Peterson, Hotze Rullmann & Scott Mackie (2009), «Evidentials as epistemic modals or speech act operators: Testing the tests». Paper presented at the Workshop on the Structure and Constituency of Languages of the Americas 14, Purdue University.
  • Wiemer, Björn & Veronika Kampf (2012), «On conditions instantiating tip effects of epistemic and evidential meanings in Bulgarian». Slovene 2: 5-38.
  • Wiemer, Björn & Anna Socka (2010), «How to do contrastive semantics with propositional modifiers: The case of hearsay adverbs». «Re-thinking synonymy: semantic sameness and similarity in languages and their description» symposiumean aurkeztutako lana (Helsinki).
  • Willett, Thomas (1988), «A cross-linguistic survey of the grammaticization of evidentiality». Studies in language 12: 51-97.
  • Zubeldia, Larraitz (2013), «(Non-)determining the original speaker: reportative particles versus reportative verbs». Research in Language 11-2: 103-130.
  • Zubeldia, Larraitz (2015), «Omen» partikularen azterketa semantikoa eta pragmatikoa. Bilbo: UEU. [2010ean aurkeztua]