Influencia del estatus socioeconómico (SES) sobre la variabilidad antropométrica en estudiantes universitarios del País Vasco (España)

  1. Rebato, Esther
  2. Muñoz-Cachón, María J.
Revista:
Revista Argentina de Antropología Biológica

ISSN: 1853-6387,  1514-7991

Año de publicación: 2016

Volumen: 18

Número: 1

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.17139/RAAB.2016.0018.01.02 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista Argentina de Antropología Biológica

Resumen

Los estudios sobre el impacto del estatus socioeconómico (SES) en las dimensiones corporales tienen una amplia tradición científica, ya que la variabilidad y evolución de estas son un reflejo del bienestar poblacional. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar el efecto del nivel socioeconómico (SES) sobre un conjunto de variables antropométricas que describen el tamaño, la forma y la composición corporal, en una muestra de 1105 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos (18 a 33 años de edad), residentes en el País Vasco. El nivel socioeconómico (SES) de cada individuo se evaluó a partir de la profesión y nivel de estudios de sus progenitores, y su influencia sobre las dimensiones antropométricas se analizó con metodología multivariada. El SES influyó notablemente sobre la estatura (en particular la profesión paterna) y la circunferencia de la cadera en ambos sexos. En los varones, el índice de masa corporal (IMC), el porcentaje de grasa (%G) y la endomorfia también están influenciados por el SES. En general, los individuos de mayor nivel socioeconómico son más altos, tienen menores valores del IMC y de las variables de adiposidad, y una morfología más longilínea. Destaca la mayor sensibilidad de los fenotipos masculinos frente a los indicadores de tipo socioeconómico y la menor variabilidad antropométrica de las mujeres respecto a dichos factores.

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