Análisis de la velocidad adoptada en corredores de Maratón

  1. Díaz-Martín, José Joaquín 1
  2. Fernández-Ozcorta, Eduardo J. 2
  3. Floría, Pablo 3
  4. Santos-Concejero, Jordan 1
  1. 1 Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
    info

    Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

    Lejona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/000xsnr85

  2. 2 Universidad de Huelva
    info

    Universidad de Huelva

    Huelva, España

    ROR https://ror.org/03a1kt624

  3. 3 Universidad Pablo de Olavide
    info

    Universidad Pablo de Olavide

    Sevilla, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02z749649

Revue:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726 1988-2041

Année de publication: 2019

Número: 35

Pages: 156-159

Type: Article

DOI: 10.47197/RETOS.V0I35.63432 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

D'autres publications dans: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Résumé

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of gender and athletic status on race pacing strategies used by runners in three marathons with similar profiles in terms of itinerary and environmental conditions. A total of 14420 athletes were analyzed, 13387 men and 1034 women. The results indicated that there were pacing differences between men and women in all sections. Furthermore, differences between groups of different athletic status in both men and women were observed. The biggest differences were found in the first and the final section. In general, the pacing strategy that athletes used the most (54% in men and 50% in women) was positive. This study shows that regardless of gender and performance level, the majority of athletes adopt a positive pacing strategy to complete a marathon.

Références bibliographiques

  • Abbiss, C. R., & Laursen, P. B. (2008). Describing and understanding pacing strategies during athletic competition. Sports Medicine, 38(3), 239-52.
  • Baden, D., Warwick-Evans, L., & Lakomy, J. (2004). Am I nearly there? The effect of anticipated running distance on perceived exertion and attentional focus. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 26(2), 215-231.
  • Carter, S. L., Rennie, C., & Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2001). Substrate utilization during endurance exercise in men and women after endurance training. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism, 280(6), E898-E907.
  • Cohen, J. (1977). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. New York, NY: Academic Press.
  • Coyle, E. F. (2007). Physiological regulation of marathon performance. Sports Medicine, 37(4-5), 306-311.
  • DeKoning, J. J., Foster, C., Bakkum, A., Kloppenburg, S., Thiel, C., Joseph, T., Cohen, J., & Porcari, J. P. (2011). Regulation of pacing strategy during athletic competition. Plos ONE, 6(1), e15863. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015863.
  • Deaner R. O., Carter R. E, Joyner M. J, & Hunter S. K. (2015). Men are more likely than women to slow in the marathon. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 47(3), 607-616. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000432.
  • Díaz, J. J., Fernández-Ozcorta, E. J., & Santos-Concejero, J. (2018). The influence of pacing strategy on marathon world records. European journal of sport science, 1-6. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1450899
  • Edwards, A. M., Bentley, M. B., Mann, M. E., & Seaholme, T. S. (2011). Self-pacing in interval training: a teleoanticipatory approach. Psychophysiology, 48(1), 136-141. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2010.01034.x.
  • Ely, M. R., Martin, D. E., Cheuvront, S. N., & Montain, S. J. (2008). Effect of ambient temperature on marathon pacing is dependent on runner ability. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40(9), 1675-1680. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181788da9.
  • Faulkner, J., Parfitt, G., & Eston, R. (2008). The rating of perceived exertion during competitive running scales with time. Psychophysiology, 45(6), 977-985. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00712.x.
  • Foster, C., Schrager, M., Snyder, A. C. & Thompson, N. N. (1994). Pacing strategy and athletic performance. Sports Medicine, 17(2), 77-85.
  • Foster, C., deKoning, J. J., Hettinga, F., Lampen, J. Dodge, C., Bobbert, M., & Porcari, J. P. (2004). Effect of competitive distance on energy expenditure during simulated competition. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 25(3), 198-204.
  • Garland, S. (2005). An analysis of the pacing strategy adopted by elite competitors in 2000 m rowing. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(1), 39-42. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2003.010801.
  • Hanley, B. (2013). An analysis of pacing profiles of world-class racewalkers. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8(4), 435-441.
  • Hanley, B. (2014). Senior men’s pacing profiles at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships. Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(11), 1060-1065. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2013.878807.
  • Haney, T., & Mercer, J. (2011). A description of variability of pacing in marathon distance running. International Journal of Exercise Science, 4(1), 133-140.
  • Joyner, M. J., Ruiz, J. R., & Lucia, A. (2011). The two-hour marathon: who and when? Journal of Applied Physiology, 110(1), 275-277. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00563.2010.
  • Knechtle, B., Stiefel, M., Rosemann T., Rüst C., & Zingg, M. (2015). Running and the association with anthropometric and training characteristics. Therapeutische Umschau, 72(5), 343-355. doi:10.1024/0040-5930/a000685.
  • Lambert, M., Dugas, J., Kirkman, M., Mokone, G., & Waldeck, M. (2004). Changes in running speeds in a 100 km ultra-marathon race. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 3(3), 167-173.
  • March, D. S., Vanderburgh, P. M., Titlebaum, P. J., & Hoops, M. L. (2011). Age, sex, and finish time as determinants of pacing in the marathon. Journal of strength and conditioning research. 25(2), 386-391. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181bffd0f.
  • Muñoz Pérez, I., Moreno Pérez, D., Cardona González, C., & Esteve-Lanao, J. (2012). Prediction of race pace in long distance running from blood lactate concentration around race pace. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 7(4), 763–769. doi: 10.4100/jhse.2012.74.04
  • Nikolaidis, P. T., & Knechtle, B. (2017a). Do fast older runners pace differently from fast younger runners in the “new york city marathon”? Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002159
  • Nikolaidis, P. T., & Knechtle, B. (2017b). Effect of age and performance on pacing of marathon runners. Open Access Journal of Sports medicine, 21(8), 171-180. doi: 10.2147/OAJSM.S141649
  • Nikolaidis, P. T., Onywera, V. O., & Knechtle, B. (2017). Running Performance, Nationality, Sex, and Age in the 10-km, Half-Marathon, Marathon, and the 100-km Ultramarathon IAAF 1999-2015. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(8), 2189-2207. 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001687
  • Nummela, A., Keränen, T., & Mikkelsson, L. O. (2007). Factors related to top running speed and economy. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(8), 655-661.
  • Renfree, A., & Gibson, A. (2013). Influence of different performance levels on pacing strategy during the women’s World Championship marathon race. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 8(3), 279-285.
  • Ruby, B. C., & Robergs, R. A. (1994). Gender differences in substrate utilization during exercise. Sports Medicine, 17(6), 393-410.
  • Santos-Lozano, A., Collado, P. S., Foster, C., Lucia, A., & Garatachea, N. (2014). Influence of Sex and Level on Marathon Pacing Strategy. Insights from the New York City Race. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(11), 933-938. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1367048.
  • Skorski, S., & Abbiss, C.R. (2017). The Manipulation of Pace within Endurance Sport. Frontiers in Physiology, 27(8), 102. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00102
  • Speechly, D. P., Taylor, S. R., & Rogers, G. G. (1996). Differences in ultra-endurance exercise in performance–matched male and female runners. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28(3), 359-365.
  • St. Clair Gibson, A., Lambert, E. V., Rauch, L. H., Tucker, R., Baden, D. A., Foster, C., & Noakes, T. D. (2006). The role of information processing between the brain and peripheral physiological systems in pacing and perception of effort. Sports Medicine, 36(8), 705-722.
  • Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2000). Gender differences in substrate metabolism during endurance exercise. Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology, 25(4), 312-327.
  • Thiel, C., Foster, C., Banzer, W., & de Koning J. (2012). Pacing in Olympic track races: competitive tactics versus best performance strategy. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(11), 1107-1115. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2012.701759.
  • Thompson, P. (2007). Perspectives on coaching pace skill in distance running: a commentary. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 2(3), 219-221. doi: 10.1260/174795407782233128.
  • Townsend, M. (1982). Road-racing strategies. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 14(3), 235-243.
  • Trubee, N. W., Vanderburgh, P. M., Diestelkamp, W. S., & Jackson, K. J. (2014). Effects of Heat Stress and Sex on Pacing in Marathon Runners. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(6), 1673-1678. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000295.
  • Tucker, R. (2009). The anticipatory regulation of performance: the physiological basis for pacing strategies and the development of a perception-based model for exercise performance. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(6), 392-400. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2008.050799.