Evaluación energética de un distrito de Amberes a partir de los datos catastrales del municipio

Abstract

The 28 Member States of the European Union have set an energy saving target of 20% by 2020, which will need to be reached mainly through energy efficiency measures. In order to support the energy transition of Europe towards a low carbon economy, municipalities have a key role to play. However, due to the existing limitations, many municipalities lack of tools or applications that allow them to evaluate the available data and obtain an energetic general vision of the city. Nevertheless, with more or less semantic information, all the municipalities have a tool that allows to register different information of the existing properties: the cadaster. This register or tool allows to classify the information in different groups, defining features as the age, geolocation, use, year of refurbishment, surfaces, etc. of each building of the municipalities. With the objective of using the most of this cadastral information and allowing municipalities to carry out energy studies of their existing building stock, this article will describe the proposal that is being developed in the PlanHeat project. PlanHeat will develop an integrated, easy-to-use and open source tool which will support local authorities in selecting, simulating and comparing alternative low carbon and economically sustainable scenarios for heating and cooling. This paper will focus on showing the characteristics of one sub-module of the Mapping Module, which map and quantify (current and future hourly H&C demand per each building: the District Mapping Module (DMM). The DMM will be a module that based on the basic cartography and the information available in the municipal cadaster, the degree day values provided by PlanHeat, a new internal database and a new algorithm, will automatically obtain different energy information on each of the buildings that form up that district. This DMM has been applied and validated in the historical district of Antwerp, allowing the analysis of a group of buildings and the possibility of evaluating the energy performance of their buildings based on their cadastral data. The tool will display the results in 2 different formats. On the one hand, the first of the two possible formats has the objective of evaluate the energy performance of each building. On the other hand, along with this individualized information per building, this tool allows to obtain total energy information of the district or classified by building typology. During this exercise, this classification was made based on the year of construction of the buildings and their use. In this case study, due to aspects such as the Antwerp climate or the thermal performance of the building envelope of the old buildings located in the historic district, the results show that 86% of the thermal energy demand of this district is related to the heating demand. In addition, the result highlight that the heating demand of more than 30% of the constructed area is greater than 100 kWh/m2, highlighting its inefficient energy performance and the need to improve its Energy performance based on different strategies.