Influencia de las diferentes prácticas de riesgo en la aparición de la candidosis oral en enfermos de sida

Résumé

A total of 205 HIV-infected patients were studied: 111 intravenous drug abusers (54.14%, 71 males and 40 females), 61 male homosexuals (29.75%), 32 heterosexuals (15.60% - all females), and a single case of infection through blood transfusion. All patients included in the study had CD4+ lymphocyte counts of under 200 cells/mm3 (or < 14%). Oral lesions compatible with candidiasis were detected in 128 patients (62.43%). The cultures were positive for fungi in 122 patients (59.51%). A total of 306 Candida lesions were recorded, the most prevalent form being pseudomembranous candidiasis (122 lesions, 39.86%). The risk of developing pseudomembranous candidiasis was greater among the patients infected as a result of intravenous drug abuse, followed at a distance by homosexuals. The corresponding risk among heterosexual women was in turn far lower than for either of the preceding risk behaviors. The erythematous presentation of candidiasis was observed in 86 cases (28.10%), and was the most frequent type of lesion in patients infected through homosexual contact, followed by heterosexuals and intravenous drug abusers. Finally, the hyperplastic variant accounted for 15.03% of all oral candidiases detected -the highest risk corresponding to homosexual patients.