¿Ahorro energético en rehabilitación de edificios?

Zusammenfassung

ABSTRACT Existing residential building have an enormous potential for improving energy efficiency in the short and medium term, due to the large number of existing home and long life. Factors that directly influence energy consumption and pollutant emissions from residential buildings are the thermal envelope, energy efficiency equipment, energy sources used and the habits of its users. An effective way to reduce emissions and energy consumption in the building sector is through the reduction of energy demand, improving the quality of building insulation and implementing more efficient equipment. In order to design courses of action aimed at achieving the objective of reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions, it has been analyzed on a reference building considered representative of the type of building in the Principality of Asturias in a period temporary which involves the largest share of existing building. Building assessment have been made from an energy point of view and evaluated technically and economically different stages of rehabilitation, in turn making an analysis of the temporal variability of several factors of influence during the period of return of investment. After found optimal solution on the type of building rehabilitation, it has evaluated the potential savings in energy consumption and emissions of all associated residential park. In addition, a sensitivity analysis in order to identify the variables that have the greatest influence on the energy savings and to improve the viability of the practical realization of rehabilitation and the reduction of CO2 emissions is also presented. As a result of these analyzes we conclude that adaptation of the envelope with the guidelines established by the Technical Building Code installing more efficient equipment and solar energy can achieve savings in energy consumption up to 81%, with values internal rate of return of 4.75% and pay-back period of 16 years and reducing emissions of greenhouse gases can be 56%. The sensitivity study shows that the price of energy (potential cost savings) has the greatest influence on the return on investment.